Consuners

Question 1

What is consumer responsibility about

Answer 1

How as a consumer you may enact responsibly towards the environment

Business has been designed to make consumers focus on the insignificant elements of life asking how many created wants can we satisfy
Are we just mindless consumers, passive in the marketplace?

Question 2

What are the good elements of consumption

Answer 2

Sustains people and produces aggregate happiness and prosperity
Consumer me are intimately sovereign and and powerful within the market

Question 3

What are the negative aspects of consumption

Answer 3

Concerns regarding consumption and materialism
Are we happier because we live in a vibrant society
Constantly persuaded to consume more, to find this we take on more work and responsibility and hence more stress
Adverts highlight potential material distatisfaction
Stress and vulnerability largely associated with big jobs
Material goods put pressure on the environment
Consumption has become about culture and cultural identity

Question 4

What are the politics of purchasing

Answer 4

Consumers are the captain and the entrepreneur obeys their orders
Consumerism can be used to provide a critique of markets
We should put moral constraints on consumption- less demand- less production- less jobs (ethics)

Question 5

What does consumer sovereignty suggest

Answer 5

Can use purchases to vote

Can resist or even decide to opt out of consumerist lifestyle and the problems it creates

Question 6

What are the 3 types of consumers

Answer 6

Ethical consumers
Sustainable consumers
Anti consumers.

Question 7

What is the definition of ethical consumption

Answer 7

Conscious and deliberate choice to make certain consumption choices due to moral beliefs and values

Question 8

Who are ethical consumers

Answer 8

Environmentalists
Vegans
Veggies
People concerned with labour standards
Take the ability to make rational ethical choices into the market
Ethical consumer magazine can guide on consumption

Question 9

What is the definition of sustainable consumption

Answer 9

The use of goods and services that respond to basic needs and bring better quality of life while minimising the use of natural resources as to not jepodise future generations

Question 10

What are anti consumers

Answer 10

Try to reduce total consumption
Do not believe in the consumerist thesis l- that more goods make you happy
They think less consumerism is better than sustainable consumerism
Encourage international buy nothing day

Question 11

What are the limitations of consumer responsibility

Answer 11

Whilst differences between consumer groups are recognised, differences within segments and people are less understood

Question 12

Why do people want a responsible holiday

Answer 12

Want to participate in the responsible experience (community benefit, group benefit and individual benefit)
Want to be involved in responsible tourism
Can be presented on a continuum of inner directed v outer directed and high involvement v low involvement

Question 13

What were the outcomes of the responsible consumer study

Answer 13

Would’ve though most people fell into upper right quadrant but it was actually only 25-30 percent
30% bottom left

To think the idea that there are 3 types of responsible consumer is perhaps idealistic. They perhaps are not heterogenous

Question 14

Ethical issues and the consumer

Answer 14

Product policy 
Marketing communications
Pricing 
Distribution 
Marketing strategy 
Market research

Question 15

What are the issues with communication

Answer 15

Individual- misleading and deceptive 
Aggregate social and cultural
Intrusive and unavoidable 
Create artificial wants 
Reinforce consumerism and materialism 
Create insecurity and perceptual distatisfaction
Perpetuate social sterotypes

Question 16

What are the ethical issues in pricing

Answer 16

Right to fair price
Excessive pricing 
Price fixing 
Predatory pricing 
Deceptive pricing

Question 17

What are the 2 ethical issues associated with firm strategy

Answer 17

Right to be treated fairly can be violated in 2 ways
Target vulnerable customer
Certain groups are discriminated against
Consumer exclusion

Question 18

What are the issues of globalisation and ethics

Answer 18

Reproduce consumerism and disarisfscton
Dislocation of production and consumption
Cultural homogenisation
New forms of resistance

Question 19

What is the consumer sovereignty test? Smith (1995)

Answer 19

Consumer capability- freedom from vulnerability or coercion
Information- availability and quality of relevant data
Choice - extent of the opportunity to freely switch

Question 20

What are some facts about ethical consumption

Answer 20

1 third of uk customers are seriously concerned with ethical issues
70% said CSR was important
Market for ethical products is 9bn growing 6 tones faster than the overall markets

Question 21

What does hertz say

Answer 21

Instead of show me up at the voting booth people are turning to corporations
Cast your vote at the supermarket and shareholder meetings and you will be heard
E.g child labour and footwear

Question 22

What are the downsides to ethical consumption

Answer 22

Motive for responsibility of corporations will always be economic rather than moral
Market choices depend on willingness to pay
Rich get more voting power than the poor - the market is hardly democratic

Question 23

What does Buchholz say needs to change to society to make us more sustainable

Answer 23

New environmental ethic that provides moral limits to consumption
But the ideology of consumption is deeeply emebedded in society
Real challenge is the introduce alternative growth means

Question 24

What steps can be taken to achieve a more sustainable consumption

Answer 24

Product recapture
Service replacements - mud jeans
Product sharing - mobility
Reducing demand- manadorty procing for bags

Question 25

What does caruna find

Answer 25

Responsible tourism market worth 180m
Consumer may well express a desire for responsible tourism in surveys but when it comes to acting upon this these motivations are traded off

The notion of ethical consumerism is too broad in definition l, too loose in operalisation and too moralistic in its stance to be anything other that a myth

Question 26

What were the concluding remarks of Caruna (2014)

Answer 26

Responsible tourism is a hettogenous concept with no strong sense of a shared core ethos or cohesive community

High level involvement tourists saw responsible tourism as sharing wealth, volunteering and living with vulnerable others

Tourists are more fluid in their positioning around responsible tourism than the contours of market segmentation might typically accommodate

Question 27

What is consumer sovereignty

Answer 27

In a well functioning market consumers who dislike a product will turn to another, punishing the producer who has not met their demand and rewarding those who have

Market is regulated by the combined activity of all consumers in the marketplace

Question 28

What does Howell and Howell say

Answer 28

In western contexts the relationship between consumption and well being is not so positive because people focus on materialistic needs and tend to become less happy

Question 29

What is cultural imperialism

Answer 29

As large corporations move into new markets, they canapé negative effects on culture is

Question 30

What is a consumer citizen

Answer 30

A responsible consumer who must occasionally be prepared to sacrifice

Question 31

I hat is a key barrier to ethical consumerism

Answer 31

Resource limitations

Question 32

What does the ethical consumer 2017 market report identify

Answer 32

Slaves valued at 81 billion is
Uk ethical market grew 3.2%
30% increase in vegetarianism
2.56 billion withheld due to boycotts