Consumption And Trade Of Non-Renewables

Question 1

What is the OPEC?

Answer 1

The organisation of petroleum exporting countries- a trading group set to represent 13 countries, mainly in the middle east, in which over half of the world’s oil reserves are located.

Question 2

What two areas are heavily dependent on oil imports and why?

Answer 2

Western europe and japan- because production cannot meet massive domestic demand.

Question 3

What role does OPEC have over oil?

Answer 3

It can introduce quotas to control oil prices. Its influence has reduced as the high price of oil has allowed more expensive fields to be bought inti production.

Question 4

What is driving up the price of oil?

Answer 4

Global economic expansion.

Question 5

What other factors apart from increased demand influences the rise in the price of oil?

Answer 5

> companies having less stock to make more efficient
terrorist threats in the middle east
saudi arabia and iraq sabotage attacks on oil facilities
OPEC accounts for 50% of the world’s crude oil exports
actions of analysts and speculators

Question 6

What percentage does natural gas hold in the in the world’s total energy consumption?

Answer 6

Nearly 25%

Question 7

How much of the natural gas is used by the USA?

Answer 7

27.2%

Question 8

What will happen to the demand for natural gas over the next 20 years?

Answer 8

Increase (through reserves in developing countries).

Question 9

Why is natural gas difficult to transport?

Answer 9

It is complex and requires enormous investment. Liquefied natural gas tankers accounted for most internationally traded gas but a small proportion was transported by pipeline.

Question 10

What are the negatives of transporting natural gas by pipeline?

Answer 10

Construction and management is expensive; poses legal, logistical and environmental problems.

Question 11

What countries transported natural gas by pipeline in 2000?

Answer 11

Norway and the Netherlands etc.

Question 12

What percentage of the world’s energy is generated by coal?

Answer 12

40%

Question 13

What are the three most important producers of coal?

Answer 13

China, the USA and Russia

Question 14

Why did the coal industry decline in many European countries?

Answer 14

Because of domestically produced oil becoming more expensive than that imported from abroad.

Question 15

What is the future of coal use linked to?

Answer 15

The availability of oil and natural gas.

Question 16

What countries are associated with the nuclear power industry?

Answer 16

Medcs from the 1960s to the 1970s, in recent decades ledcs such as south korea have started to use it.

Question 17

Why did nuclear power lose support in medcs?

Answer 17

Because of major accidents in 1979 at Two Mile Island and 1986 in Ukraine.

Question 18

By 2020 what is the nuclear power energy contribution meant to decline by?

Answer 18

From 16% to 10%- a decline of 6%