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Ian C > Construction Materials > Flashcards

Construction Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What’s a Skill saw

A

handheld saw used for perpendicular precision cutting

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2
Q

What’s an impact drill

A

drill used for hammering screws through harder wood

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3
Q

what is a minter saw

A

a saw that can be used for precision cutting of all angles

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4
Q

The ease of mixing, transportation, placement and finishing concrete material without segregation is called

A

workability

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5
Q

Typically, you can expect to have approximately ________ minutes after ready-mix concrete is mixed before placing before it starts to become unusable.

A

90 minutes

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6
Q

To avoid segregation of concrete material, you want to have a really wet mixture.

A

true

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7
Q

A deficiency in fine aggregates for a concrete mix can result in a mix that is difficult to finish.

A

true

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8
Q

A deficiency in fine aggregates for a concrete mix can result in a mix that is difficult to finish.

A

false

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9
Q

A concrete paste typically comprises of_________

A

water, Portland cement, sand, gravel

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10
Q

The quality of concrete isn’t dependent on the quality of the concrete paste.

A

true

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11
Q

a non-air-entrained concrete with a 0.5 water:cement ratio should expect to have approximately what level of compressive strength?

A

4500 psi

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12
Q

Air entraining, water-reducing and retarders can all be considered concrete

A

admixtures

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13
Q

Typically, you would usually find concrete specifications (not for curbs etc.) in CSI MasterFormat 2016’s division ____

A

3

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14
Q

Types of “Needs?”

A

Infrastructure, Heavy Civil, Institutional, Commercial Construction, Residential

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15
Q

Subcontractors

A

Mechanical – Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning
(HVAC), Electrical, Plumbing, Landscape, Drywall, Structural, Windows & Doors, Signage

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16
Q

Concrete mix is designed to:

A

Achieve design requirements (strength, permeability, etc.), Easy mix and transport, Workability (No segregation, easy filling of formwork)

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17
Q

Characteristics of cement,

A

Proportions of the raw materials used, Fineness of the grinding of the clinker (used to produce
cement)

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18
Q

Quality of concrete is highly dependent on the
quality of paste

A

Amount of water used in relation to the amount of cement

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19
Q

Fresh Concrete Needs

A

To be easily mixed and transported, To be uniform throughout a given batch and between
batches, to fill completely the forms for which it was designed, The ability to be compacted fully without an excessive
amount of energy applied, Must not segregate during placing and consolidation, Capable of being finished properly

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20
Q

Short Term Criteria for Concrete

A

Workability - ease of mixing, transportation, placement and finishing concrete material without segregation, Timing – how long to place ready-mix concrete?, 90 minutes after mixing of material

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21
Q

Long Term Criteria for Concrete

A

▪ Strength, Durability, Volume Stability

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22
Q

Concrete should be

A

workable, not segregate, or bleed excessively

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23
Q

Slump test

A

a measure of concrete workability

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24
Q

Determined by

A

w : c ratio, aggregate type & size, admixtures

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25
Q

As outside temperature increases

A

workability decreases

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26
Q

Workability is measured by

A

slump test

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27
Q

Separation of particles which are present in concrete.

A

Segregation due to separation of aggregates, Segregation due to separation of paste

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28
Q

Tips

A

Avoid too wet or dry of a mixture, Avoid placing from too high of a height, Use concrete vibrating machine when
feasible, Ensure formwork is tight and secure, Consider placing in multiple places in a wall form

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29
Q

Increasing the water content may

A

increase the ability of the concrete to flow and compact

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30
Q

Increasing water may also lead to:

A

Segregation, Bleeding, Decreased strength

31
Q

Weight of water

A

cement
per unit volume (cy)

32
Q

Advantages of reducing
w:c ratio:

A

Increased compressive & flexure
strength, Lower permeability, Increased resistance to
weathering, Better bonding, Less volume change from
wetting and drying, Reduce shrinkage cracking

33
Q

Fine

A

natural or manufactured sands, <3/8”

34
Q

Coarse

A

Gravel / crushed stones , <6”, Typical 3/4”-1 1/2”

35
Q

Types

A

Course aggregate (gravel, crushed stone): Those retained in No. 4 sieve (4 openings per linear inch), Fine aggregate (natural or manufactured sand): those that can
pass No.4 sieve.

36
Q

The maximum size of aggregate is governed by

A

ACI code

37
Q

Deficiency in fine aggregate leads to:

A

Harsh mix, Prone to segregation, Difficult to finish

38
Q

Influence of Aggregate

A

Gradation, Shape and Texture, Porosity

39
Q

Influence of Aggregates pt.2

A

Bottom Line, Well-graded aggregate produces concrete that is easier to
place, Well-graded aggregate produce stronger concrete that is
more economical

40
Q

Admixtures

A

Ingredients other than water, cement, and aggregate to
control specific characteristics of the concrete. They modify the property of concrete to make it suitable for
the work at hand or for economy, Air entraining, water-reducing and retarders all improve
workability

41
Q

Key to mix design is to proportion all the concrete
components to provide:

A

Workability, Strength, Durability

42
Q

Quality of cement

A

Cement to water ratio in the mixture, Strength and cleanliness of aggregate, Adhesion between cement paste and aggregate, Adequate mixing of ingredients, Proper placing, finishing and compaction of fresh
concrete, Curing at temperature not below 50 degrees

43
Q

Wide variety

A

sizes and colors

44
Q

Weight

A

Lightweight (~28lbs/less) lighter
aggregates vs. Normal/Heavy (~34-35 lbs)

45
Q

Modular system

A

Pieces or parts, Larger unit than
brick, Dimensions related
to modular brick

46
Q

Hollow Concrete Block

A

Most common CMU
▪ Below is a stretcher block
▪ Sizes
▪ Width 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 inch (nominal - less 3/8”)
▪ 8” most common
▪ Height - 7 5/8”; length 15 5/8”
▪Height - 8” = 3 courses of brick

47
Q

Hollow Concrete Block Placement

A

More economical to lay than brick, Larger size - less to lay for same area, Lay similar to brick

48
Q

Hollow Concrete Block Strength(s)

A

What is expected? 3,000 psi

49
Q

Hollow Concrete Block Reinforcing

A

Cores - conducive for deformed rebar, Increases load bearing, Helps resist cracking

50
Q

Uses and Finishes

A

Back-up “wythe” for brick or stone, Accepts plaster, stucco, tile, Exposed - coated

51
Q

Moisture Penetration

A

Needs coating, Bituminous Membrane, Latex Filler

52
Q

Best Value

A

Any selection process by which proposals contain both price and qualitative components and the award is based upon a combination of price and qualitative considerations.

53
Q

Closed Bid

A

Used with private projects and is not open to the public. Bidding is by invitation only, via an invitation for bids, to a selected list of contractors

54
Q

Price Proposal

A

The part of a design-build proposal that stipulates the price at which the design-builder will provide the design and construction services necessary to complete the project.

55
Q

Weighted Criteria

A

An evaluation method used in best-value selection in which maximum point values are assessed for qualitative and price components of a proposal. Contract award is based upon the highest total points earned.

56
Q

Name the two primary selection criteria categories considered when using the best-value method.

A

The two primary selection categories are price (quantitative) and technical aspects (qualitative).

57
Q

Construction Management

A

Planning, scheduling, evaluation and controlling of construction tasks and activities to accomplish specific objectives outlined in the contract documents

58
Q

Fast Tracking

A

A practice used to speed up the construction process by overlapping the design and construction phases. This method is often applied in design-build or construction management project delivery

59
Q

Name the four primary project values to be managed, monitored, and controlled.

A

Time, Safety, Quality, Cost

60
Q

Base Isolators

A

shock absorbers placed in a building foundation to allow movement without causing damage

61
Q

Brownfield Sites

A

reclaiming and building on sites that have been previously abandoned or underused because of historic environmental contamination

62
Q

Constructability Review

A

reviewing the plans to determine if it is feasible to build

63
Q

Cofferdam

A

temporary watertight structure that allows for construction to occur in a water free environment

64
Q

Which CSI division?

A

Division 6

65
Q

Engineered Wood Products

A

Attempt to improve the basic properties of lumber
▪ strength
▪ appearance
▪ dimensional stability (retaining its dimensions)
▪ cost
▪ Uses fast-growing, low-density wood species
▪ Typically for:
▪ Sheathing
▪ Main Structural Members

66
Q

Potential disadvantages

A

out-gassing from formaldehydes
▪ deterioration under certain conditions
▪ FRT (fire resistant treated) plywood
▪ appearance

67
Q

Sheathing

A

A covering for framing
▪ Can assist with framing bracing/support

68
Q

Why Panelize?

A

More “controlled” product
▪ Efficient use of forest products
▪ Increase labor productivity

69
Q

Types

A

Plywood panels
▪ Composite panels
▪ Non-veneered panels

70
Q

Veneered Panels - Plywood

A

The Original Engineered Wood Product”
▪ Thin layers of veneer (thin slices of wood)
▪ Bonded under heat and pressure w/ strong adhesives
▪ Odd number of veneers
▪ Alternating direction of veneers
▪ Face veneers parallel
▪ Size: 4’x8’ panels
▪ Thickness: ¼” to 1”

71
Q

Veneered Panel Grades

A

Based on smoothness and integrity of veneers
▪ Veneer quality on the face is graded with a letter
designation
▪ A – No knots
▪ B – Any knots replaced with plugs
▪ C – Knots over ¾” plugged
▪ D – Knots over ¾” present

72
Q

Exterior

A

made with high quality
veneers & waterproof glue; for siding
or other continuous exposure to H2O

73
Q

Exposure 2

A

waterproof glue but
lower quality veneers; for short term
exposure to H2O; for subfloors and
sheathing

74
Q

Exposure 2

A

non-waterproof glue; for
use in protected environments &
minimum wetting; for cabinets, etc.

Ian C (4 decks)

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