construction Material Flashcards
Cement
Use
Made
A binder ,sets and hardens and adheres to other material
Portland cement
Grinding a mixture of limestone and clay then heated at a temperature
Fine aggregate
Use
Composition
Filler
Finely divided rock and mineral particles
Coarse aggregate
Composition
Use
Exceptions
Crushed stones or gravel
Permits a reduction in cement and water
Using larger than maximum size can result in interlock and form arches and obstacles within concrete form
Concrete
Composite
Types
Ratio
Cement+fine aggregate and coarse aggregate with water
Plain cement concrete pcc
Reinforced cement concrete rcc
1:3:3
Lime
Composition
Uses
Calcium containing inorganic minerals
Lime mortar lime plaster lime ash floors
Lime concrete whitewash silicate mineral paint
Limestone blocks
Application of limestone
Masonry contraction-retaining wall and load bearing
Structural application- canopies arches and domes
Wall structure- water contacting structure wl fountain water channels
Plaster
Decorating geometric patterns
Grout
Composition
Use
Fluid concrete
Filling gaps of cracks seems gaps in tiles soil stabilisation
Extra strength for load bearing
Motar
Composition
Uses
Material stick for brick layer
Laying tiles on motar bed
Difference between motar and grout is that grout is fliud
Brick
Use
Size
Weight
Good bricks
Wall and pavement
230mm x 110 mm x 75 mm
3.5 kg
Uniform shape sharp edges right angle well birnt and uniform copper colour
Classifications of a brick
According to quality
According to shape
1st class
Second class
Third class
Fourth class
According to shape
Full brick
Queen closer half
Queen closer quarter
King closer
Bevelled closer
Mittred closer
Half bet
3 quater bat
Bevelled bat
Brick masonry brick bonds 
What
Types of
A pattern in which bricks are laid
English, bond, flemish, bond, stretcher bond header bond
Iron
Use
Type
Most extensively used metal and has become an important architectural building component
Wrought iron -use for minor structures and decorative elements
Tie, roots, straps nails and hardware I didn’t work in balcony, railing, finances and gates
Cast-iron -structural purposes, column building fronts to light coats
Decorative includes stairs, elevators, lentils, grills, veranda, balcony, railing fence, streetlight and tooms
Steel
Steel
High resistance due to their strength widely used
Resistive towards natural clamities like earthquakes
Mild steel strength. It does not crack when bent.
Rebbar steel no reinforcing steel.
Structural steel comes in various shapes like I beam, Z shape, L shape, structure channel like C Beam , cross-section and T-shape
Aluminium
Uses
Advantages
Extensively used for railing. Blinds doors, exterior creating roofing, subtended ceiling, wall panels, partition heating and ventilation equipment, solar heating devices, pre-fabricated building
It is lightweight and does not corose it easily
Roofing tiles
Uses
Types
Designed to keep rain out and and to protect from weather
Hang from a framework of roof, fixing with nails include hip and Valley tiles
Mangalore tiles. They are native to city of Mangalore used for ventilation
Allahabad tiles made up of selected clay. Done under pressure in machines. The burning of these tiles is done in such a way that attain more strength.
Roofing shingles covering consist of individual overlapping elements
Properties of tiles
Regular shape size
Free from twist crack or flaws
Well burnt and uniform colour
Gives a clear ringing sound when struck
Sound and hard
It’s broken surf should show an even and compact structure
Timber
Uses a following
Heavy construction work like column
Light construction work like doors and windows
Permanent works like railway sleepers, fencing pools, electric poles and gate
Decorative work like showcase and furniture
Plastic
Generic name for synthetic material used in production of various type of in construction industry
Flooring example PVC flows
Pipes, PVC pipes
Windows fibreglass and vinyl are commonly used for production of
Doors made up of FRP (fibre, reinforcement, plastic, )is extremely strong, high resistance to chemicals impervious to water and thermal neutral
Plaster
Uses
Mixture type
Use for the protection and decoration of wall and ceiling and moulding and casting decorative elements
Gypsum 
Cement
Clay
Lime
With water and sand
Paint and vanish
Types and usage
Liquid on mastic position after application subtract in a thin layer converts into a solid film
Protect colour provide texture to object
Primer  priority coating
Emulsion waterbase paint
Enamel formulated to give, specially hard, usually glossy finish
Luminous luminescent that exhibits luminous
Vanish, a transparent heart, protective finish of film that is primly used in wood 
Combination of a drying, oil, raisin and a thinner or solvent
Stone
Its type and use
Grey night ingenious rock the colour varies from light grey to pink
 Marble metamorphic rock formed in high pressure, heat deep within earth
Sandstone, sedimentary rock, Bomba ancient rivers that slowly deposits material on the bed that built a player by layer over million years
Slate a metamorphic rock composed, quartes, Mika and clay material
Laterite metamorphic rock with a porous structure
Kadappa kota sahabad limestone
Glass
Uses
Type
Internal partitions
Float glass-soda lime glass or clear glass
Canopy shop fronts glass blocking railing partition
Tinted glass coloured glass
Window office cabins partition amd doors
Toughened glass -tempered glass
Strength thermal resistant and safety is imp fire resistant
Laminated glass normal layers more weighted thicker
Uv proof soundproof
Shatterproof glass +ing polyvinyl butyral layer
Does not form sharp edges when broken
Skylight windows flooring
Textured paint
Creates texture
Thick
Popular
Stone cladding
Stone wall
Layer stone applied attached to primary structure of building
Does not hold any weight
Wpc
Wood plastic composition
Mix of ground wood particles and heated thermoplastic resin
Exterior
Timber cladding
Pattern texture colour
Protect wall from moisture and air
Weather board aka
ACP
Aluminium composite panel
Thin anuminuim sheet
Cost affective fire proof weather reisist
Easy to maintain
Curtain wall
Aluminium frame with glass Panvel’s
Day light benefit aesthetic
Light weight
Does not support roof
Concrete cladding
Concert bricks
GRC [glassfibr reinforced concrete ]
Bricks cladding
Cheap,easy maintanance
Water resistsant
Metal cladding
Aluminium and steel
Corrogeted sheets earliest
Board
Compressed cement gypsum calcium silicate e-boards Fibre boards
Cladding
Covering or coating on a structure or material
