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ATPL Piston Engines Key Facts > Construction and Principles 1 > Flashcards

Construction and Principles 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Four Stroke Otto Cycle

A 
Induction 
Compression 
Power 
Exhaust 
(Suck, Squeeze, Bang, Blow)
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2
Q

Induction Stroke

A

Air and fuel mixture is drawn into the cylinder.

The pressure differential draws the fuel-air mix in.

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3
Q

Compression Stroke

A

Both valves are closed and the mixture is squeezed.

The mixture heats and pressure increases

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4
Q

Power Stroke

A

Mixture is ignited and expands.

Force of expansion pushes the piston down.

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5
Q

Exhaust Stroke

A

Waste products are expelled

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6
Q

Crank Case

A

Main structural part of the engine

Contains mounting point for the barrels, crankshaft, camshaft and accessory parts

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7
Q

Crankshaft

A

Component which converts linear motion into rotary motion

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8
Q

The stroke is ______ the throw

A

Double

The stroke is the distance end to end

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9
Q

Connecting Rods

A

Connect pistons to the crankshaft

Usually made of steel

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10
Q

What connects a piston to the little end of a connecting rod?

A

Gudgeon Pin (wrist pin)

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11
Q

Barrel

A

Consists of cylinder and cylinder head

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12
Q

Poppet Valve

A

Control inlet and exhaust flow

The inlet is normally larger to maximise the charge draw

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13
Q

Why are exhaust valves often filled with sodium?

A

To dissipate the heat of the exhaust gases

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14
Q

At what speed does the camshaft rotate?

A

At half the speed of the crankshaft

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15
Q

What is a stroke?

A

Distance between TDC and BDC

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16
Q

Clearance Volume

A

Volume above the piston at TDC that the mixture is compressed into

17
Q

Swept Volume

A

Total Volume - Clearance Volume

18
Q

Compression Ratio

A

Swept Volume + Clearance Volume (Total Volume)
——————————————————————
Clearance Volume

19
Q

Firing Order

1: Power
2: Exhaust
3: Compression
4: Induction

A

1,3,4,2
Or
1,4,3,2

20
Q

One Horse Power

A

Movement of 330lb through 100ft in 1 minute

21
Q

BHP

A

Torque x RPM

22
Q

IHP (Indicated Horse Power)

A

Plane
—————
33000

P= Indicated Mean Effective Pressure 
L= Length of Stroke
A= Area of Piston Crown
N= Number of Power Strokes/Minute
E= Number of Cycles
23
Q

BHP

A

IHP-FHP

24
Q

Power Output is Affected By:

A

Air Density
Exhaust Back Pressure
Mixture Ratio

ATPL Piston Engines Key Facts (2 decks)

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