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Construction 101 Quiz Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Define “Cripple Stud.”

A

Short studs placed between the header and a top plate or between a window sill and bottom plate.

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2
Q

What is an Oriented Strand Board (OSB)?

A

A versatile engineered wood peel made using rectangularly shaped wood strands and waterproof heat-cured adhesives that are arranged in cross-oriented layers.

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3
Q

What size lumber is typically used for a stud wall?

A

2 x 4

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4
Q

How do you determine a load-bearing wall?

A

Ceiling joists are running perpendicular to the wall.

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5
Q

Define “Sill Plate.”

A

The piece of lumber that anchors the house to the foundation.

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6
Q

What is the difference between a truss and a stick build system?

A

A truss system is made up of combined pieces of lumber that are pre-manufactured off-site, creating framing for the roof.

A stick build system is made of individual pieces of lumber that are built onsite, creating framing for the roof.

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7
Q

What is a “Glulam Beam”?

A

A type of structural engineered wood product constituted by layers of dimensional lumber bonded together with durable, moisture-resistant structural adhesives.

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8
Q

A “HVAC split system” is…

A

has some of the HVAC components outside and some inside.

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9
Q

When dealing with plumbing, what is a “P-trap”?

A

A curved portion of plumbing designed to hold enough water to block, or seal, the section of pipe from gasses, odors, and pests.

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10
Q

When dealing with plumbing, what is the purpose of a vent line?

A

To expel gasses and smells from dirty water sources.

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11
Q

What is the difference between a furnace and an air-handler?

A

They are the same, but a furnace has a heat coil that can heat the air.

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12
Q

When dealing with HVAC, what is a “compressor”?

A

The part of an outdoor air conditioner or heat pump that compresses and pumps refrigerant to meet household cooling requirements.

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13
Q

Where are GFI outlets usually installed?

A

Areas with an open water source.

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14
Q

When dealing with electrical, what is a “2-wire system”?

A

An ungrounded electrical system. Typically black cable runs that are the “hot” wire and white cable runs that are “neutral.”

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15
Q

What is the definition of “slab-on-grade”?

A

A type of shallow foundation in which a concrete slab rests directly on the ground below it.

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16
Q

Define “daylight basement.”

A

A basement that only matches a portion of the floorspace of the level above.

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17
Q

What do forms as they relate to footings do?

A

They allow you to set the size, shape, depth, and location of the footing. “They form them.”

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18
Q

In a crawlspace, what is the purpose of a moisture barrier?

A

It prevents humidity from the ground evaporating and damaging the floor framing, insulation, and subfloor above.

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19
Q

What does reinforcing the concrete do?

A

Increases the tensile strength of the concrete.

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20
Q

Which of the following is true of rebar?

A

It reinforces concrete.

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21
Q

What is the purpose of a J-bar?

A

Connects footings to the foundation wall.

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22
Q

Which construction item helps prevent hail damage on vinyl siding?

A

Fan-fold insulation.

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23
Q

What is a shake?

A

A shingle that is non-uniform in size and/or shape that can be installed as siding or roofing.

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24
Q

What is a veneer as it relates to solid stone siding?

A

A thin piece of solid stone that is installed into a mortar bed.

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25
Q

What does “CMU” stand for?

A

Concrete Masonry Unit.

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26
Q

What is the primary purpose of exterior construction?

A

To keep moisture away from the inside of the home.

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27
Q

Define “tongue & groove”:

A

Wooden planking in which adjacent boards are joined by means of interlocking ridges and grooves down their sides.

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28
Q

Define “tongue & groove”:

A

Wooden planking in which adjacent boards are joined by means of interlocking ridges and grooves down their sides.

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29
Q

How are the soffit and roof vents related?

A

Soffit has vents that allows air to flow into the attic and out of the roof vents.

30
Q

Where is soffit installed?

A

Under a roof overhang, as part of the roof to siding transition.

31
Q

What is the primary function of gutters?

A

Gutters catch water runoff from the roof and divert it away from the homes foundation.

32
Q

How can soffit, fascia, & gutters help when investigating hail?

A

They are considered soft metals and are a great place to see hail impacts.

33
Q

What is the primary function of soffit, fascia, and gutters?

A

To divert moisture away from framing and interior of home.

34
Q

Which construction item is the Latin word for “band”

A

Fascia.

35
Q

Which of the following describes a “hip roof?”

A

All four sides slope down to meet the exterior walls of the house.

36
Q

Which of the following describes a “gable roof?”

A

Has two roof surfaces of the same size, that are pitched at the same angle, back-to-back.

37
Q

What is the primary purpose of Flashing?

A

To cover an open seam and keep moisture from penetrating.

38
Q

What is the rafter measurement?

A

Measurement along the slope of a roof from the roof edge to roof ridge.

39
Q

As it pertains to roofing, what is the “ridge”?

A

The horizontal line running the length of the roof where the two roof planes meet.

40
Q

How is slope and/or pitch measured?

A

Rise over run, where the run is always equal to 12 (6/12, 4/12, 2/12).

41
Q

What is another name for plumbing roof vent (Pipe Jack) flashing?

A

Boot.

42
Q

What is the purpose of “starter row”?

A

Ensures a straight edge and effective seal along the eaves and rake.

43
Q

What roof type is Modified Bitumen usually installed on?

A

Flat.

44
Q

What is the difference between a “hip” and a “gable”?

A

On a hip roof, all four sides slope down to meet the walls of the house; on a gable roof, two sides slope down to meet the walls of the house.

45
Q

What is the difference between “composition 3-tab” and “laminated architectural” shingles?

A

Composition 3-tab is actually 3 of what appear to be individual shingles; laminated architectural shingles are known as dimensional shingles, due to their textured appearance.

46
Q

Which roof vent works really well if the wind is blowing?

A

Turbine Vent.

47
Q

How can you know, for certain, what grade or type of flooring is installed in the home?

A

There are professional services where samples can be collected and submitted to determine type and grade of material.

48
Q

How is the carpet grade determined?

A

The density and pile.

49
Q

Which flooring type can be sanded and stained multiple times?

A

Solid hardwood.

50
Q

What is the main difference between solid hardwood floors and engineered hardwood floors?

A

Engineered hardwood has a veneer of the wood species with a plywood backer; whereas, solid hardwood is completely that type of wood throughout the flooring plank.

51
Q

How can you differentiate between porcelain and ceramic tile?

A

Porcelains coloration runs throughout the tile, ceramic is a glaze only on the outer-surface.

52
Q

As it relates to Xactimate, what are the dimensions of carpet?

A

12’ x Infinity.

53
Q

Marble tile is:

A

Soft and expensive.

54
Q

When drywall is “hung, taped, & floated” it means:

A

The drywall is installed, joints are taped, and drywall mud has been applied and sanded.

55
Q

Mold resistant drywall is also known as…?

A

Water rock.

56
Q

The difference between 1/2” & 5/8” drywall is…?

A

Size and fire-blocking.

57
Q

What does R-value mean?

A

Resistance to heat transfer or heat flow.

58
Q

Drywall typically comes in what size sheet?

A

8’ x 4’

59
Q

What are the 3 main types of insulation?

A

Fiber, foam, and reflective.

60
Q

Where is blown-in insulation installed?

A

Attic.

61
Q

What is the primary purpose of trim?

A

Cover gaps or transitions.

62
Q

What is the difference between single hung and double hung windows?

A

With single hung, only one part of the window moves. With double hung, two parts of the window move.

63
Q

What is a panel door?

A

A door with customized recesses creating a custom look.

64
Q

What is a door casing?

A

The trim installed that is facing you to finish a door installation.

65
Q

What is Cove Molding?

A

It is a single piece of molding that is concave in shape..

66
Q

What does “pre-hung” mean as it relates to doors?

A

The door slab and jamb are a unit, not separate items.

67
Q

What are angle shut-off valves?

A

GFI outlet needed due to open water sources.

68
Q

What are angle shut-off valves?

A

These are water shut-offs to stop the flow of water allowing you to work on plumbing.

69
Q

What are base cabinets?

A

They are installed on the floor and create a base for countertops to be installed.

70
Q

What does the shower pan do?

A

Acts as a moisture barrier under the mortar bed.

71
Q

What does the shower pan do?

A

Acts as a moisture barrier under the mortar bed.

72
Q

What are box kitchen cabinets?

A

Cabinets pre-manufactured and purchased at a box store.

Adjusting (2 decks)

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