Constitution to War of 1812

Question 1

Legislature

Answer 1

A group of people who have the power to make laws

Question 2

bicameral legislature

Answer 2

A law making body made of two houses (bi means 2). Example: Congress (our legislature) is made of two house - The House of Representatives and The Senate.

Question 3

unicameral legislature

Answer 3

A legislature with only one legislative chamber, as opposed to a bicameral (two-chamber) legislature

Question 4

Republicanism

Answer 4

A philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people. The government is based on consent of the governed.

Question 5

Democracy

Answer 5

government by the people

Question 6

mob rule

Answer 6

control of a political situation by those outside the conventional or lawful realm, typically involving violence and intimidation

Question 7

Articles of Confederation

Answer 7

1st Constitution of the U.S. 1781-1788 (weaknesses-no executive, no judicial, no power to tax, no power to regulate trade)

Question 8

Ratification

Answer 8

formal approval

Question 9

amendment

Answer 9

a change in, or addition to, a constitution or law

Question 10

interstate commerce

Answer 10

trade between two or more states

Question 11

Land Ordinance of 1785

Answer 11

A law that divided much of the United States into a system of townships to facilitate the sale of land to settlers

Question 12

Northwest Ordinance of 1787

Answer 12

a law that established a procedure for the admission of new states to the Union

Question 13

Articles of Confederation weaknesses

Answer 13

•weak union (central gov.)
•no taxes imposed
•could not regulate trade
•no courts or President

Question 14

Shay’s Rebellion (1786)

Answer 14

This Massachusetts conflict caused criticism of the Articles of Confederation; weak govt; increased calls for a Constitutional Convention to revise the Articles

Question 15

Constitutional Convention

Answer 15

The meeting of state delegates/representatives in 1787 in Philadelphia called to revise the Articles of Confederation. It instead designed a new plan of government, the US Constitution.

Question 16

Rhode Island

Answer 16

Only state not to attend the Constitutional Convention. Distrust of central authority. Did not ratify Constitution until a year after Washington was sworn in as president.

Question 17

delegate

Answer 17

A person appointed or elected to represent others

Question 18

George Washington

Answer 18

Commander in Chief of Continental Army, first president, Presidency 1789-1797.

Question 19

Virginia Plan

Answer 19

“Large state” proposal for the new constitution, calling for proportional representation in both houses of a bicameral Congress. The plan favored larger states and thus prompted smaller states to come back with their own plan for apportioning representation.

Question 20

New Jersey Plan

Answer 20

A constitutional proposal that would have given each state one vote in a new congress. Favored by small states.

Question 21

Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise)

Answer 21

*Called for a bicameral legislative system in which the House of Representatives would be based on population and the Senate would have equal representation in Congress
*Combined pieces of the New Jersey Plan, the Virginia Plan, and other proposals

Question 22

House of Representatives

Answer 22

the lower house of Congress, consisting of a different number of representatives from each state, depending on population

Question 23

U.S. Senate

Answer 23

the upper house of the U.S. Congress, equal number of representatives (2 per state)

Question 24

Article I of the Constitution discusses….

Answer 24

Congress

Question 25

Article II of the Constitution discusses…

Answer 25

Executive Branch

Question 26

Article III of the Constitution

Answer 26

creates the Supreme Court but allows Congress to establish lower courts.

Question 27

Slave Trade Compromise

Answer 27

Congress could not regulate or outlaw slavery or slave trade until 1808

Question 28

Patrick Henry, Speech in the Virginia Convention

Answer 28

Advocate for Bill of Rights

Question 29

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 29

Leader of the Federalists, author of the Federalist Papers, 1st Secretary of Treasury, advocated for a national bank.

Question 30

Bill of Rights

Answer 30

The first ten amendments to the Constitution

Question 31

Judiciary Act of 1789

Answer 31

In 1789 Congress passed this Act which created the federal-court system. The act managed to quiet popular apprehensions by establishing in each state a federal district court that operated according to local procedures.

Question 32

Whiskey Rebellion

Answer 32

In 1794, farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton’s excise tax on whiskey, and several federal officers were killed in the riots caused by their attempts to serve arrest warrants on the offenders. In October 1794, the army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion. The incident showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem, in contrast to the inability of the government under the Articles of Confederation to deal with Shay’s Rebellion.

Question 33

First political parties in US

Answer 33

Federalists and Democratic-Republicans

Question 34

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 34

Author of Declaration of Independence, 1st Secretary of State, leader of Democratic-Republican party, 3rd President, strict constitutionalist (except for the Louisiana Purchase)