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constitution Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the first form of government in america in 1781?

A

The Articles of Confederation

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2
Q

How many branches of government did the articles have?

A

one, the legislative branch.

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3
Q

What did the legislative branch do?

A

it had the ability to declare war, make treaties, and borrow money

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4
Q

What were the weaknesses of the articles?

A

the government had no power to pass taxes, they could nor regulate trade, 9/13 states had to approve any changes in the government, there was no executive branch to enforce the laws, and the states had more power than the national government.

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5
Q

What did the Northwest Ordinance do?

A

it created a plan for the orderly addition of states to the union.

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6
Q

What did the new addition of land from the Northwest ordinance do?

A

it forbid slavery, and allowed freedom of religion and trial by jury.

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7
Q

what did the population of a territory have to be in order for them to apply and be equal in the state union?

A

60,000

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8
Q

what happened to farms after the American revolution?

A

they were damaged in the south and trading with other countries slowed.

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9
Q

what happened once farners couldnt grow any crops, or trade with other counties?

A

farmers could not pay state taxes, and the state took the farmers land away.

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10
Q

What is the name of the farmer that started the rebellion in Massachusetts?

A

Daniel shay

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11
Q

Why did Shay and other framers start a rebellion is Massachusetts?

A

they started it because, they wanted their land back

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12
Q

What did Shay and the other farmers do during the Rebellion?

A

they marched outside a courthouse with guns, not allowing judges inside.

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13
Q

What did shays rebellion result in?

A

it resulted in many Americans wanting a stronger form of government than the Articles of Confederation.

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14
Q

What was the original purpose of the constitutional convention?

A

in 1778, the founding fathers met in Philadelphia to revise the articles of confederation

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15
Q

what happened after the constitutional convention meeting started?

A

delegates decided to create a while new form of government instead of revising the articles.

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16
Q

What did the Virginia plan suggest?

A

it suggested that 3 branches of government and representation in congress based on the population in each state.

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17
Q

what did the New Jersey plan recommend?

A

it recommended that each state be equal.

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18
Q

what did the great compromise do?

A

it created a bicameral congress, with one house based on population, and the other house having two representatives from each state for equal representation.

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19
Q

what did the three-fifths compromise do?

A

it made every 3/5 slaves count towards a states population.

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20
Q

What did the magna Carta do?

A

it limited the Kings power and gave citizens the right to a trial by jury

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21
Q

What did the English Bill of Rights do?

A

protected certain rights of citizens from the government.

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22
Q

who created the Mayflower compact?

A

the people

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23
Q

What did John Locke claim about the constitution?

A

he claimed that if a government did not fulfill its purpose of protecting individuals freedoms, the citizens had the right to overthrow it.

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24
Q

What did Montesquieu believe about the constitution?

A

he believed that government power should be separated to keep one group from gaining too much power.

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25
Q

What did William Blackstone believe about the constitution?

A

he believed that even the king should not take away a persons property and believed strongly in individuals rights.

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26
Q

What happens once a constitution is written?

A

9/13 states have to approve the constitution in order for it to go into affect.

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27
Q

What did the federalists support?

A

they supported the ratification of the constitution

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28
Q

What did the federalist believe about the constitution?

A

they believed the constitution created a more powerful government, but not too powerful.

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29
Q

Who wrote the Federalists paper and why?

A

James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay wrote it too explain how the constitution worked

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30
Q

Who wrote the anti-federalists paper?

A

Patrick Henry and George Mason

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31
Q

What did the Anti-federalist believe?

A

they believed that the constitution created a government that was too powerful and would take away some freedoms.

32
Q

What did the Anti-Federalist demand?

A

they demanded a Bill of Rights to be added to the constitution before they would ratify it.

33
Q

Was the constitution accepted?

A

in 1787, it was accepted after the Bill of rights, as promised, was added to the constitution.

34
Q

When was the Bill of Rights ratified?

A

In 1791.

35
Q

What is the Preamble?

A

The introduction of the constitution.

36
Q

What does the Preamble do?

A

it announces the purposes of the constitution.

37
Q

What are the purposes of the Constitution?

A

to form a more united country, to give justice to all, to keep peace, to keep our country safe, to help people, and to protect out liberty

38
Q

What is article 1?

A

Legislative branch

39
Q

What is article 2?

A

executive branch

40
Q

What is article 2?

A

executive branch

41
Q

What is article 3?

A

Judicial branch

42
Q

What is article 4?

A

states respect each other.

43
Q

What is article 5?

A

Amending constitution

44
Q

What is article 6?

A

constitution is supreme.

45
Q

What is popular sovereignty?

A

the people have the ultimate authority

46
Q

What is republicanism?

A

the people vote for representatives to rule on their behalf.

47
Q

What is limited government?

A

the government cannot do what is not in the constitution.

48
Q

What is federalism?

A

power is shared between national and state government.

49
Q

What is separation of powers?

A

power is separated between the three branches.

50
Q

What is checks and balances?

A

each branch has power over the other two branches.

51
Q

What is individual rights?

A

basic liberties of citizens are protected.

52
Q

What needs to happen to amend the constitution?

A

2/3 of both houses of congress have to vote for the change, and 3/4 of the states legislatures have to vote for the change.

53
Q

how many parts are in the legislative branch?

A

two, the senate, and house of represenatives.

54
Q

What does the legislative branch do?

A

It has the power to make laws, declare war, and tax citizens.

55
Q

What is the executive branch made up of?

A

the president, vice president, and cabinet of advisors.

56
Q

what does the executive branch do?

A

it enforces the laws that the legislative branch makes up.

57
Q

what is the judicial branch made up of?

A

the supreme court and other federal courts.

58
Q

what does the judicial branch do?

A

it has to interpret and rule on the laws congress makes.

59
Q

How many ways are their to become a U.S citizen and what are they?

A

two, birthright citizen, and naturalized citizen

60
Q

How do you become a birthright U.S citizen?

A

you have to be born in the U.S or you r parents are U.S citizens

61
Q

How do you become a naturalized U.S citizen?

A

you have to live in the U.S for 5 years, be 18 years old, understand U.S history and government, and swear allegiance to the constitution.

62
Q

What are the responsibilities of a U.S citizen?

A

vote during elections, staying informed, serves on juries, serve in military if asked, pay taxes, obey all laws, attend school.

63
Q

What is the 1st amendment in the Bill of rights?

A

freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and right to petition the government.

64
Q

What is the 2nd amendment in the Bill of Rights?

A

the right to bear arms.

65
Q

What is the 3rd amendment in the Bill of Rights?

A

the right not to quarter soliders

66
Q

What is the 4th amendment in the Bill of Rights?

A

No unreasonable search or seizure.

67
Q

What is the 5th amendment in the Bill of Rights?

A

Right to due process

68
Q

What is the 6th amendment in the Bill of Rights?

A

right to trial by jury

69
Q

What is the 8th amendment in the Bill of rights?

A

no cruel or unusual punishment

70
Q

What is the 9th amendment in the Bill of Rights?

A

citizens have more rights that are not listed in the constitution.

71
Q

What is the 10th amendment in the Bill of Rights?

A

rights not given to the federal government go to the states.

72
Q

Problem by King: king imposes taxes without consent

A

Solution by constitution: Taxes must be approved by congress

73
Q

problem by king: King made judges dependent on his will

A

solution by constitution: All judges are appointed for lifetime

74
Q

problem by king: King refuses colonists permission to petition

A

solution by constitution: 1st amendment provides right to petition.

75
Q

problem by king: King quartered troops in colonists homes

A

solution by constitution: 3rd amendment provides right to not quarter soldiers

76
Q

Problem by King: King deprived colonists right to trial by jury

A

solution by constitution: 6th amendment provides right to trial by jury to everyone.

History- GoForth (3 decks)

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