Consonants

Question 1

/p/

Answer 1

Voiceless bilabial plosive

Question 2

/b/

Answer 2

Voiced bilabial plosive

Question 3

/m/

Answer 3

Nasal bilabial

Question 4

/n/

Answer 4

Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar nasal

Question 5

/t/

Answer 5

Voiceless dental or alveolar plosive

Question 6

/d/

Answer 6

Voiced dental or alveolar plosive

Question 7

/ʈ/

Answer 7

Voiceless retroflex plosive

Some dialects of English when pronouncing “time”

Question 8

/ɖ/

Answer 8

Voiced retroflex plosive

Indian English dialects. Also some accents of Spanish.

Question 9

/c/

Answer 9

Voiceless palatal plosive

Very close to /k/, but tongue is the middle. Some French dialects.

Question 10

/ɟ/

Answer 10

Voiceless palatal plosive

Palatized /d/. Happens in Slavic languages.

Question 11

/k/

Answer 11

Voiceless velar plosive

Question 12

/g/

Answer 12

Voiced velar plosive

Question 13

/q/

Answer 13

Voiceless uvular plosive

Similar to /k/, but tongue is way back. Typical in Arabic and Persian.

Question 14

/ɢ/

Answer 14

Voiced uvular plosive

Similar to /g/, but tongue is way back. Typical in Arabic and Persian.

Question 15

/ʔ/

Answer 15

Glotal stop / glotal plosive

Arabic. Hebrew. Eng: uh-oh! PT: ê-ê

Question 16

/ɱ/

Answer 16

Voiced labiodental nasal

In Eng, /m/ or /n/ becomes /ɱ/ when is followed by a labiodental sound.

infant; symphony; harmful;

Question 17

/ɳ/

Answer 17

Voiced retroflex nasal

To not be confused with the velar one (/ŋ/).

Question 18

/ɲ/

Answer 18

Voiced palatal nasal

French: oignon /ɔ.ɲɔ̃/. Polish: often written as ń/n(i): /koń/.

Question 19

/ŋ/

Answer 19

Voiced velar nasal

Eng: sing, thing…

Question 20

/ɴ/

Answer 20

Voiced uvular nasal

Standard Arabic. Allophone of /n/ before /q/.

Question 21

/r/

Answer 21

Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar trill

Modern Arabic. Typical in Italian.

Question 22

/ʀ/

Answer 22

Voiced uvular trill

Many dialects of Dutch. The r of Edith Piath.

Question 23

/ɾ/

Answer 23

Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar tap or flap

Eng: American tt or dd.

Question 24

/ɽ/

Answer 24

Voiced retroflex tap

PT-PT.

Question 25

/ɸ/

Answer 25

Voiceless bilabial fricative

Some Spanish dialects.

Question 26

/β/

Answer 26

Voiced bilabial fricative

Some dialetcs of Chinese, English and German.

Question 27

/f/

Answer 27

Voiceless labiodental fricative

Question 28

/v/

Answer 28

Voiced labiodental fricative

Question 29

/θ/

Answer 29

Voiceless dental fricative

Question 30

/ð/

Answer 30

Voiced dental fricative

Question 31

/s/

Answer 31

Voiceless alveolar fricative/sibilant

Question 32

/z/

Answer 32

Voiced alveolar fricative/sibilant

Question 33

/ʃ/

Answer 33

Voiceless postalveolar fricative

shower symbol

Question 34

/ʒ/

Answer 34

Voiced postalveolar fricative

Question 35

/ʂ/

Answer 35

Voiceless retroflex fricative/sibilant

In Polish, sz = /ʂ/

Question 36

ʐ

Answer 36

Voiced retroflex fricative

In Polish, ż ou rz = /ʐ/.

Question 37

/ɕ/

Answer 37

Voiceless alveolo-palatal fricative

In Polish, ś ou s(i) = /ɕ/

Question 38

/ʑ/

Answer 38

Voiced alveolo-palatal fricative

In Polish, ź ou z(i) = /ʑ/. Typical in Mandarin.

Question 39

/ʝ/

Answer 39

Voiced palatal fricative

Softer /ʑ/. Tongue is more in the middle.

Question 40

/x/

Answer 40

Voiceless velar fricative

Typical in German. Greek and Slavic languages. Find it with [w] [u] [k]

Question 41

/ɣ/

Answer 41

Voiced velar fricative

Typical in Russian.

Question 42

/χ/

Answer 42

Voiceless uvular fricative

Typical in German. Find it with [ə] and [ɔ].

Question 43

/ʁ/

Answer 43

Voiced uvular fricative

Classic French R.

Question 44

/ħ/

Answer 44

Voiceless pharyngeal fricative

Find it with [ɑ] – tongue very back and flat. Typical in Arabic.

Question 45

/ʕ/

Answer 45

Voiced pharyngeal fricative

Question 46

/h/

Answer 46

Voiceless glotal fricative

Question 47

/ɦ/

Answer 47

Voiced glotal fricative

Question 48

/ɹ/

Answer 48

Voiced alveolar approximant

Usually represents the American r.

Question 49

/ɻ/

Answer 49

Voiced retroflex approximant

Classic caipira. TRUE retroflex.

Question 50

/j/

Answer 50

Voiced palatal approximant

Often considered semivowel.

Question 51

/ɰ/

Answer 51

Voiced velar approximant

Question 52

/l/

Answer 52

Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar approximant

Question 53

/ɭ/

Answer 53

Voiced retroflex approximant

In French, allophone of /l/ followed by /ʒ/, like in belle jambe.

Question 54

/ʎ/

Answer 54

Voiced palatal lateral approximant

In Eng, often an allophone of /lj/.

Question 55

/ʟ/

Answer 55

Voiced velar lateral approximant

The l of Southern American English.