Consolidation of Tudor Dynasty

Question 1

Who was the founder of the Tudor dynasty?

Answer 1

Henry VII

Question 2

In what year did the Tudor dynasty come to power in England?

Answer 2

1485

Question 3

Which battle marked the end of the Wars of the Roses and the beginning of the Tudor dynasty?

Answer 3

Battle of Bosworth

Question 4

Who was the last Plantagenet king defeated by Henry VII at the Battle of Bosworth?

Answer 4

Richard III

Question 5

How did Henry Tudor become King Henry VII of England?

Answer 5

He became King after his victory over Richard III’s forces at the Battle of Bosworth, which ended the Plantagenet rule and started the Tudor dynasty.

Question 6

Why was Henry VII’s grasp on power considered insecure?

Answer 6

He had no clear claim to the throne and had many enemies who were eager to see him suffer the same fate as his predecessor.

Question 7

What were the weaknesses in Henry VII’s claim to the throne?

Answer 7

1. His claim came through the female line via his mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort.
2. His ancestor, John Beaufort, was born before his parents’ marriage and considered illegitimate

Question 8

Why did Henry Tudor, a Lancastrian, become the claimant to the throne?

Answer 8

He became the claimant because there was no one else who could fulfill the role after Richard III’s unpopularity.

Question 9

How did Henry VII actually become king?

Answer 9

His claim to the throne was solidified by his victory on the battlefield, not through bloodline legitimacy.

Question 10

Who proclaimed Henry Tudor as King of England after the Battle of Bosworth?

Answer 10

Lord Stanley proclaimed him King on the battlefield.

Question 11

When and where did Henry Tudor defeat Richard III?

Answer 11

At the Battle of Bosworth on 22nd August 1485.

Question 12

How was Henry received in London on 3rd September 1485?

Answer 12

He was met by the Lord Mayor of the city, and the public was wooed by pageantry and ceremony, cheering the new monarchy.

Question 13

Why was Richard III viewed with suspicion by the public?

Answer 13

He was suspected of crimes, particularly the disappearance of the Princes in the Tower.

Question 14

How did public opinion of Richard III affect Henry’s claim to the throne?

Answer 14

It mattered little who Henry was or how weak his claim was; the public supported him because he was not Richard III, and that was enough for them.

Question 15

What were some of the strengths of Henry VII?

Answer 15

He wasn’t overly involved in the War of the Roses as he was in France.
Richard III was very unpopular.
He married Elizabeth of York which brought the York family and Lancaster together.

Question 16

What are the weaknesses of Henry VII?

Answer 16

His legitimacy came from the female line through his mother which weakened it.
He didn’t have knowledge or experience about the political system in England.
He usurped the throne which left him vulnerable to usurpation.

Question 17

Why did Henry spend his early life in exile?

Answer 17

Henry spent his early life in exile because his mother had sent him away after the defeat of the Lancastrians in the War of the Roses.

Question 18

What happened to Henry of Richmond after the death of Henry VI?

Answer 18

After Henry VI’s death, Henry of Richmond fled to avoid capture in Brittany with his uncle, Jasper Tudor.

Question 19

What did Edward IV do to Henry Vll after his victory over the Lancastrians?

Answer 19

Edward IV sold the guardianship of Henry Tudor to Lord Herbert for £1,000 and transferred overlordship of Richmond to his own brother, Duke of Gloucester

Question 20

How long did the Wars of the Roses last?

Answer 20

30 years.

Question 21

Why did Henry date his reign from 21st August 1495?

Answer 21

To ensure that anyone who fought against him at the Battle of Bosworth on the 22nd would classify as a traitor which meant that he could take away their land.

Question 22

How did Henry VII reward loyalty?

Answer 22

Publicly rewarded key supporters e.g. his uncle Jasper Tudor and his step father Lord Stanley

Question 23

How did Henry VII secure potential threats?

Answer 23

Detained Elizabeth of York and Earl of Warwick so they couldn’t go in exile and regroup and usurp.

Question 24

Why did Henry VII arrange for his coronation to take place before his first meeting with Parliament?

Answer 24

To make sure Parliament didn’t interfere with his coronation and to solidify that fact that Parliament doesn’t have power over him.

Question 25

What are Tonnage and Poundage?

Answer 25

Tonnage was a tax specifically on each ton of wine imported into England.
Poundage was a customs duty levied on the value of all other imported and exported goods.

Question 26

What were Acts of Attainder?

Answer 26

Legislative measures that Henry used which meant that he could take civil rights of whoever was accused and confiscate their property.

Question 27

Why and when did Viscount Lovell and the Stafford’s rebel?

Answer 27

Motivated by their loyalty to Richard and fear that Henry would not give them any power. 1486.

Question 28

Why would the Lovell and Stafford rebellion make Henry feel insecure?

Answer 28

Happened only 1 year after the Battle of Bosworth which meant that there was still a lot of opposition to Henry becoming King.

Question 29

Who did Lambert Simnel attempt to impersonate?

Answer 29

Impersonated the Earl of Warwick

Question 30

What did Henry do in response to the Lambert Simnell rebellion?

Answer 30

He paraded the real Earl of Warwick around London

Question 31

What happened after Simnell was captured at the Battle of Stoke?

Answer 31

Henry spared him and gave him a job in the royal kitchens. This showed clemency on Henry’s part.

Question 32

What gamble did Henry take in response to the Lambert Simnell rebellion?

Answer 32

He reinstated the Earl of Northumberland to power in the North. This neutralised Richard’s old power base.

Question 33

Who did the majority of English nobles support during the Simnell rebellion?

Answer 33

Majority of English nobles and gentry showed their loyalty to the King.

Question 34

What foreign power showed support to Simnell?

Answer 34

Margaret of Burgundy who was the sister of Edward IV.

Question 35

What did Margaret of Burgundy provide for Simnell?

Answer 35

Provided an army made up of 2000 German mercenaries.

Question 36

Who did Perkin Warbeck impersonate?

Answer 36

Claimed to be Richard, Duke of York who was one of the princes in the tower.

Question 37

When was the Battle of Stoke?

Answer 37

1487.

Question 38

Who was Perkin Warbeck executed with?

Answer 38

The Earl of Warwick was executed with Warbeck after being accused of plotting with Warbeck.

Question 39

Did Warbeck receive support in England?

Answer 39

Warbeck never gained widespread support in England though he did attract Irish interest.
Main danger was the international situation as relations with France and Scotland were poor and both countries used Warbeck to put diplomatic pressure on Henry.

Question 40

How long did the Perkin Warbeck plot last?

Answer 40

Lasted 8 years. Started in 1491 ended in 1499.

Question 41

Which rebellion had the backing of a noble.

Answer 41

Simnell had the leadership of the Earl of Lincoln.

Question 42

Who were the de la Pole brothers?

Answer 42

Edmund de la Pole and Richard de la Pole who were the younger brothers of the Earl of Lincoln.

Question 43

What was dangerous about Warbeck claiming to be the son of Edward lV?

Answer 43

Meant that he would have a stronger claim to the throne than Elizabeth. The princes were popular because of how young they were.