Consolidation Of Power And Control Of Nobility

Question 1

Who was the war of the roses between?

Answer 1

Yorkists and the lancastrians

Question 2

What is it called when a lord has more power and influence than the king?

Answer 2

Overmighty subject

Question 3

Who was an example of an overmighty subject under Henry 7th?

Answer 3

Earl of Warwick

Question 4

When was the battle of bosworth?

Answer 4

August 1485

Question 5

Which noble stood at the side of the battle of B waiting to see if he should support Henry?

Answer 5

Sir William stanley(shouldn’t be trusted)

Question 6

What did Henry do straight after becoming king to secure his legitimacy?

Answer 6

He predated his reign- so he could declare all yorkists and Richard 3rd supporters traitors

Question 7

What were Henry’s 3 objectives for England?

Answer 7

-Secure his right to the throne
-gain better control of nobility
-strengthen the monarchy+kingdom for the future with a strong financial foundation

Question 8

What is a papal dispensation?

Answer 8

When the pope exempts a person from something

Question 9

Why did Henry have his coronation before he summoned parliament for the first time?

Answer 9

Because it would make him seem more legitimate and then parliament would have to listen to him since he is the king

Question 10

Why did Henry marry Elizabeth of York after his coronation?

Answer 10

So it didn’t look like he was only king because of the marriage

Question 11

Why did Henry go on a royal progress in April 1486?

Answer 11

He went to traditionally yorkist areas to present himself as king and to give nobles a chance to prove their loyalty

Question 12

3 examples of Henry rewarding his supporters:

Answer 12

-John de verre became earl of Oxford and was given lands in east Anglia
-Lord Stanley became earl of derby+retained control of Lancaster and Cheshire
-John Morton became lord chancellor and Archbishop of Canterbury

Question 13

Who were the 4 threats to the throne?

Answer 13

-earl of Warwick
-John de La pole(earl of Lincoln)
-earl of Surrey
-earl of Northumberland

Question 14

How did he deal with these threats?

Answer 14

-Earl of Warwick sent to live in the tower
-John de La pole- was forgiven because he showed loyalty
-earl of Surrey-sent to prison
-earl of Northumberland-sent to prison but released after a year

Question 15

Who were the 2 pretenders to the throne?

Answer 15

Lambert simnel
Perkin warbeck

Question 16

What was the simnel affair??

Answer 16

When Margaret of Burgundy marched 3000 men to proclaim simnel as the new king Edward the 6th

Question 17

What happened in the Lovell and Stafford uprising?

Answer 17

-lovell, and Thomas and Humphrey Stafford broke sanctuary from church where they had been hiding since battle of Bosworth
-Lovell went north- planned to capture king
-Staffords went to Worcester to stir up trouble
-Henry allowed for ’calculated mercy’, could either seek reconciliation or fight and be defeated or killed
-Lovell fled to Margaret of burgandy
-Staffords sought sanctuary again but weren’t given because they were traitors
-Humphrey executed, Thomas pardoned and remained loyal

Question 18

What were Henry’s 3 problems with nobility?

Answer 18

-some nobles were richer and had more land so potential rivals to throne
-crown had uneaven rule over England;stronger control in more populated parts in England
-crown had poor finance because of wars at home&abroad

Question 19

How did Henry deal with the nobility?

Answer 19

-buy their support with rewarding with land and titles
-if not, he forced their support with punishments

Question 20

What is ruthless impartiality?

Answer 20

Not showing favouritism

Question 21

What is the job of council learned in law?

Answer 21

Dealt with the problems concerning crown lands and bonds and recognisances

Question 22

What were the acts of attainder?

Answer 22

Meant that a family would lose its right to inherit land- used as punishment

Question 23

How many acts of attainder did Henry pass?
+1 example

Answer 23

138
Eg Thomas Tyrell who had to pay nearly £2000 to reverse his and his fathers lands

Question 24

What was a bond?
What was a recognisance?

Answer 24

Bond-money taken away from a noble as a punishment for bad behaviour
Recognisance-the formal acknowledgement of the debt

Question 25

1 example of a bond and recognisance?

Answer 25

Marquis of Dorset had a bond of £10,000

Question 26

What is ‘retaining‘?

Answer 26

Where nobles keep large numbers of men that are meant to be servants but have them as soldiers for their private army instead

Question 27

Example of illegal retaining?

Answer 27

The Stanley family were fined £245,000

Question 28

What was the act of resumption 1486?

Answer 28

It recovered all the crown lands taken away since 1455

Question 29

How much did Henry increase his crown lands by?

Answer 29

5x