conservatism

Question 1

Thomas Hobbes dates

Answer 1

1588 - 1679

Question 2

Thomas hobbes key text

Answer 2

leviathan 1651

Question 3

Thomas hobbes human nature

Answer 3

• cyclical view
• believed people are selfish
• state of nature

Question 4

how did hobbes describe the state of nature

Answer 4

‘nasty, brutish and short’

Question 5

Thomas Hobbes society

Answer 5

• society does not exist without a state

Question 6

Thomas Hobbes economy

Answer 6

• the economy needs the state to survive

Question 7

Thomas hobbes the state

Answer 7

• insisted a need for the state
• state ensures law and order
• state would be in a ‘contract’ with the people
• should be autocratic
• ‘natural rights’ do not exist without the state

Question 8

Edmund burke dates

Answer 8

1729 - 1797

Question 9

Edmund burke key text

Answer 9

reflections on the revolution in France 1790

Question 10

Edmund Burke society

Answer 10

• saw society as an organism that changes all the time
• cautious about how society is altered so it isn’t damaged
• ideas about empiricism, society should be examined based on what is there not based on ideals (against French Revolution)
• felt there needed to be elites in society

Question 11

what did burke say society should be based on ?

Answer 11

‘little platoons’

Question 12

edmund burke human nature

Answer 12

• human nature has a tendency to fail
• there is a gap between what people want and what they can achieve
• described it as imperfect

Question 13

Edmund burke economy

Answer 13

• in favour of free market economics
• Supported Adam Smith

Question 14

Edmund burke state

Answer 14

• changes state should be gradual and based on tradition
• believed in an aristocracy and a ruling class, they should still rule in the best interests of all
• state should be organic and decentralised

Question 15

Michael Oakeshott dates

Answer 15

1901-1990

Question 16

Michael Oakeshott key text

Answer 16

on being conservative 1962

Question 17

Michael Oakeshott human nature

Answer 17

• imperfect not immoral
• ‘fallible not terrible’
• more optimistic view
• human nature cannot produce a perfect society

Question 18

Michael Oakeshott society

Answer 18

• favoured a society of local communities

Question 19

Michael Oakeshott economy

Answer 19

• believed the free market needed to be moderated by the state
• free markets can be too volatile

Question 20

Michael Oakeshott state

Answer 20

• emphasised pragmatism
• had an empirical approach
• states job is to prevent bad
• promoted one nation conservatism

Question 21

Ayn Rand dates

Answer 21

1905 - 1982

Question 22

Ayn Rand key text

Answer 22

Atlas shrugged 1957

Question 23

Ayn Rand human nature

Answer 23

• people are guided by self-interest (objectivism)

Question 24

Ayn Rand society

Answer 24

• society will be successful if there are talented individuals in it
• viewed society as atomistic (just a collective of individuals)

Question 25

Ayn Rand state

Answer 25

• felt the need for tax cuts and the rolling back of the state
• small strong state
• state is needed to keep law and order

Question 26

Ayn Rand economy

Answer 26

• economically she was libertarian

Question 27

Robert Nozick dates

Answer 27

1938-2002

Question 28

Robert Nozick key text

Answer 28

Anarchy, State and Utopia 1974

Question 29

Robert Nozick human nature

Answer 29

• positive view
• individuals strive to reach their full potential

Question 30

Robert Nozick state

Answer 30

• a bigger state is a great threat to individual freedom
• the welfare state causes a dependancy culture
• argued for a minarchist state
• ‘tax for the most part is theft’

Question 31

Robert Nozick society

Answer 31

-

Question 32

Robert Nozick economy

Answer 32

• state should leave people alone economically