Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biomechanics > Conservation of Momentum & Linear Kinetics > Flashcards

Conservation of Momentum & Linear Kinetics Flashcards

1
Q

What Is Momentum?

A

Quantity of motion that an object possess

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What Is Linear Momentum?

A

Product of object’s mass and its velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What Is Angular Momentum

A

Product of objects moment of inertia and it’s angular velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the linear Momentum formula and units?

A

M=mv and kg* m/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the angular Momentum formula and units?

A

H =Iw and kg*m^2/s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What Does “M” stand for

A

Momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What Does “m” stand for

A

mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does “H” stand for

A

Angular momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does “I” stand for

A

Inertia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Race Car vs. full Garbage truck which one will go faster? and which one will have more mass?

Using the formula M=mv

A

Race car will go faster but the garbage truck has more mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do we change momentum?

A

Change mass and velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Linear momentum Is vector meaning?

A

Magnitude and direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Collison Carts More mass means more _____ and an increase in _____.

A

More mass is causing more momentum increasing velocity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Conservation of Momentum is related to which one of Newton’s laws?

A

Law I

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Newton’s Law : Linear 1 known as Law of intertia Says?

A

object at rest will stay at rest until a force is acted on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What Is Impulse?

A

External forces acting on an object change momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Impulse Is dependent on?

A

Time and Magnitude of force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Impulse formula Is

A

J=Ft

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

J for impulse formula Is

A

J = Impulse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

F for impulse formula is

A

Force

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

t for impulse formula is

A

time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

The relationship between Impulse and momentum Is related to which one of Newton’s Laws?

A

Law II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What Is Newton Law II : Law of acceleration

A

Object is proportional to and in the same direction as the force acting on it and to its mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Is impulse Formula related to momentum?

A

F=ma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Changes In impulse may result from

A

Small force acting for long time and large force acting quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What Is the Hittaing a large force from the bat acting very quickly on the ball related with

A

Changes in momentum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Can we Manipulate impulse and How With a vertical jump

A

Increase time
which is not practical

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Why is not practical to manipulate impulse for vertical jump

A

Because Force Decreases and time increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Can we manipulate impulse? for landing
The difference between a Stiff landing and a soft

A

Stiff = a lot more force
soft = we can manipulate time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Angular Momentum Meaning

A

quantity of motion that an object possesses/ product of object’s moment of inertia and angular velocity

31
Q

How do we manipulate angular momentum>

A

by changing Inertia or velocity
Increase inertia = decrease velocity
Decrease Inertia = increase velocity

32
Q

H Is always constant what is H?

A

Angular Momentum

33
Q

What are the three rotating bodies that pass through COM ( Center of mass) with angular Momentum?

A

Transverse , Frontal , and Longitundial

34
Q

Transverse example is

A

Somersault

35
Q

Frontal example is

A

Tilt

36
Q

Longitudinal example is

A

Twist

37
Q

A figure skater rotates with her arms out to her sides. In this position, her angular momentum is 20 kgm^2 / s, moment of inertia is 5kgm^2 and her angular velocity is 4 rad/s. if she crosses her arms over her chest, reducing her moment of inertia to 2kgm^2, what is her new angular velocity?

A

10 rad/s

38
Q

For the figure skater example, how did we get 10 rad/s

A

H=Iw
20 = 5 x 4 =2
20/2 = 10

39
Q

how do gymnasts initiate somersaults in the air? and how do they stop their rotations?

A

Starting position: Large inertia low velocity , we are just traveling up

Middle: tucked or pike : the distribution of mass Is increasing while inertia is decreasing and velocity is Increasing
.

End:When you are getting in the straight position to slow down , inertia is increasing and velocity is decreasing

40
Q

Angular Momentum: gymnastic

A

While in the air the rotation is happening , Inertia is decreasing and angular velocity is increasing

41
Q

What Is Contact Twist?

A

Only happens when in contact with the ground

42
Q

What is Tilt

A

Only works when somersaulting , more tilt and faster twist

43
Q

Contact Twist: generates what about what axis and what is an example and which of Newton’s laws is associated with it?

A

generates moment about longitudinal axis
example: turn shoulder during take off
Newton Law: II Law of reaction

44
Q

to manipulate contact twist

A

manipulate rate of twist by pulling arms in to decrease inertia which results in increase in angular velocity

45
Q

Long Jump angular Momentum: Long jumpers can have ___ kgm^2/s of angular ____ about what axis

A

15kgm^2/s
angular momentum
transverse axis

46
Q

Manipulate jump/twist by exploiting ____ of Angular ___ or by what?

A

By exploiting conservation of angular momentum or by generating twist before take off

47
Q

What Is kinetics

A

force that cause motion

48
Q

What is more important Mass or distribution mass?

A

Distribution of mass

49
Q

Force behind COM means

A

Forward

50
Q

Force in front of COM

A

behinde

51
Q

Force over COM means

A

straight

52
Q

Newton laws : Linear Law I , II and III

A
  1. Inertia
  2. Acceleration
  3. Action-reaction
53
Q

Heavier an object the acceleration will what?

A

Decrease

54
Q

More mass of an object = More _____

A

More force to accelerate

55
Q

Gravity accelerates bodies toward the center of the earth

A

at 9.81m/s^2

56
Q

Ground reaction force: Horizontal

A

Decelerates

57
Q

Mid-stance toe off Vertical ground Is ___.

A

Smaller

58
Q

Horizontal ground forward as a runner does what to itself?

A

propels forward

59
Q

Heel Strike the force is going ___ and the ground reaction is _____

A

Force = going forward
ground reaction going straight up

60
Q

Moment of inertia

A

resistance and the greater the inertia the harder to move

61
Q

The closer to the axis of rotation the further but

A

as far as the greater inertia it would be the object such as the the solid can

62
Q

axis of rotation closer you are the less

A

Inertia

63
Q

the further you are the greater

A

inertia

64
Q

Skating the more you bring your arms in the less

A

inertia but you are spinning faster

65
Q

Ice Skating, twisting gymnast you decrease what to increase _____ and vice versa

A

Decrease Inertia you increase angular velocity and increase inertia and decrease angular velocity

66
Q

Moment of arm =

A

Distance from line of action of the force to axis of rotation

67
Q

What are the two ways moment is calculated?

A

T=Ia
T= moment
I= moment of inertia
a = angular acceleration

And

T = Fd
T= Moment
F= force causing moment
d= moment arm of the force

68
Q

Angular Newton’s Law II : Formula

A

T=Fd

69
Q

whole body center of mass

A

Does not have to inside of the body weight becomes whole body

70
Q

Somersaulting Is associated with which law and formula?

A

Law II and T=Fd

71
Q

if force acts through the axis of rotation D and T would be

A

0

72
Q

If the force is behind Its considered

A

somersault

73
Q

if the force is in front it is considered

A

backflip

Biomechanics (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions