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Environmental Science > Conservation Of Biodiversity > Flashcards

Conservation Of Biodiversity Flashcards

1
Q

Threats to biodiversity

A

Food
Pets and entertainment
Fashion
medicine

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2
Q

Examples of humans causing change to abiotic factors

A

Water availability
Temperature
Ph
Dissolved oxygen

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3
Q

How is dissolved oxygen a change to abiotic factors

A

Dissolved oxygen levels in water are reduced from hot water discharges from power station which means reduction in survival of aerobic organisms such as fish

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4
Q

How is water availability changed by humans

A

Land drainage has affected wetlands as farmland increases there is overexploitation of ground water so wetland species are declining

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5
Q

Examples to Changes in biotic factors caused by humans

A

Pollinators
Seed dispersal
Food chain imbalance

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6
Q

What is the effect on pollinators by humans

A

Use of pesticides reduces flowering plants so insects and pollinators are dying out

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7
Q

Effect on seed dispersal caused by humans

A

Many large herbivores are endangered eg orangutans so plants seeds are being dispersed less

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8
Q

How can introduced species effect native species

A

Competition
Predation
Disease

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9
Q

What does iucn stand for

A

International union for the conservation and nature

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10
Q

Roles of iucn

A

Coordinate global data on biodiversity conservation

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11
Q

What does wildlife and countryside act do

A

Designated protected areas
Protect wild birds and there nests

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12
Q

Why’s is it difficult to keep species in captivity

A

Habitat size
Food requirements
Financial constraints

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13
Q

What stops captive breeding success

A

Conditions for breeding
Gene pool size
Breeding habitat

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14
Q

Methods of increasing breeding success

A

Cryopreservation
Artificial insemination
Embryo transfer

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15
Q

How does cryopreservation work

A

Freezing eggs and semen for future use in breeding programmes

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16
Q

How does artificial insemination work

A

Collects semen from male and inserting into a female to produce offspring

17
Q

Benefits of using artificial insemination

A

Stops the need of transporting animals
Mating can be dangerous causing injury
Potential partners may not accept each other

18
Q

How does embryo transfer work

A

Female of endangered species releases eggs which are collected and fused with male semen then the embryo is inserted into a more common closely related species

19
Q

What is hard release

A

Releases individuals with no post release support

20
Q

What is soft release

A

Post release support which involves the gradual release of individuals

21
Q

What do sssi do

A

Uk
Protect areas with best example of uks natural flora and fauna

22
Q

What do nnrs do

A

Uk
Best examples of sssi ev Lake District

23
Q

What do sac do (special areas of conservation)

A

Eu
Each member of eu picks areas of international importance and protects them

24
Q

What do spa do

A

Eu
Each eu member chooses habitats that are best for birds with international importance and protest them

25
Q

What do Ramsay sites do

A

Intergovernmental agreement that protects wetlands

26
Q

Ways to manage a plagioclimax

A

Grazing
Mowing
Burning
Coppicing
Pollarding

27
Q

How does grazing maintain a plagioclimax

A

Prevents taller plants allows shorter wildflowers aids in insects

28
Q

How does burning maintain a plagioclimax

A

Removes vegetation that grazing animals can’t eat
Clears spaces for dormant heather to grow as the heat stimulates growth

29
Q

What do EDGE species stand for

A

Evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered

30
Q

What does cites stand for

A

Convention on international trade in endangered species

31
Q

What is cites appendix 1

A

Includes species threatened with extinction so all international trade is banned

32
Q

What is cites appendix 2

A

Includes species that may be threatened with extinction if trade is not closely controlled

33
Q

How are plagioclimax maintained

A

Grazing
Mowing
Burning
Coppicing
Pollarding

34
Q

Ecological features of temperate broadleaf woodland

A

No major temp extremes
No dry season
Deep fertile soil

35
Q

Importance of temperate woodland

A

High biodiversity
Carbon sequestration
Hydrological cycle
Woodland resources

36
Q

Threats to temperate woodland

A

Habitat fragmentation
Woodland clearance

37
Q

Conservation efforts of temperate woodlands

A

Designated protected areas eg sssi
Plant new woodlands
Coppicing
Pollarding

38
Q

Ecological features of deep coral reefs

A

Slow growing corals as they don’t have the symbiotic polyp algae relationship

39
Q

What is a sere

A

A sequence of ecological succession during which an uncolonised habitat develops into a climax community

Environmental Science (6 decks)

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