Conservation Of Biodiversity Flashcards
Threats to biodiversity
Food
Pets and entertainment
Fashion
medicine
Examples of humans causing change to abiotic factors
Water availability
Temperature
Ph
Dissolved oxygen
How is dissolved oxygen a change to abiotic factors
Dissolved oxygen levels in water are reduced from hot water discharges from power station which means reduction in survival of aerobic organisms such as fish
How is water availability changed by humans
Land drainage has affected wetlands as farmland increases there is overexploitation of ground water so wetland species are declining
Examples to Changes in biotic factors caused by humans
Pollinators
Seed dispersal
Food chain imbalance
What is the effect on pollinators by humans
Use of pesticides reduces flowering plants so insects and pollinators are dying out
Effect on seed dispersal caused by humans
Many large herbivores are endangered eg orangutans so plants seeds are being dispersed less
How can introduced species effect native species
Competition
Predation
Disease
What does iucn stand for
International union for the conservation and nature
Roles of iucn
Coordinate global data on biodiversity conservation
What does wildlife and countryside act do
Designated protected areas
Protect wild birds and there nests
Why’s is it difficult to keep species in captivity
Habitat size
Food requirements
Financial constraints
What stops captive breeding success
Conditions for breeding
Gene pool size
Breeding habitat
Methods of increasing breeding success
Cryopreservation
Artificial insemination
Embryo transfer
How does cryopreservation work
Freezing eggs and semen for future use in breeding programmes
How does artificial insemination work
Collects semen from male and inserting into a female to produce offspring
Benefits of using artificial insemination
Stops the need of transporting animals
Mating can be dangerous causing injury
Potential partners may not accept each other
How does embryo transfer work
Female of endangered species releases eggs which are collected and fused with male semen then the embryo is inserted into a more common closely related species
What is hard release
Releases individuals with no post release support
What is soft release
Post release support which involves the gradual release of individuals
What do sssi do
Uk
Protect areas with best example of uks natural flora and fauna
What do nnrs do
Uk
Best examples of sssi ev Lake District
What do sac do (special areas of conservation)
Eu
Each member of eu picks areas of international importance and protects them
What do spa do
Eu
Each eu member chooses habitats that are best for birds with international importance and protest them
What do Ramsay sites do
Intergovernmental agreement that protects wetlands
Ways to manage a plagioclimax
Grazing
Mowing
Burning
Coppicing
Pollarding
How does grazing maintain a plagioclimax
Prevents taller plants allows shorter wildflowers aids in insects
How does burning maintain a plagioclimax
Removes vegetation that grazing animals can’t eat
Clears spaces for dormant heather to grow as the heat stimulates growth
What do EDGE species stand for
Evolutionarily distinct and globally endangered
What does cites stand for
Convention on international trade in endangered species
What is cites appendix 1
Includes species threatened with extinction so all international trade is banned
What is cites appendix 2
Includes species that may be threatened with extinction if trade is not closely controlled
How are plagioclimax maintained
Grazing
Mowing
Burning
Coppicing
Pollarding
Ecological features of temperate broadleaf woodland
No major temp extremes
No dry season
Deep fertile soil
Importance of temperate woodland
High biodiversity
Carbon sequestration
Hydrological cycle
Woodland resources
Threats to temperate woodland
Habitat fragmentation
Woodland clearance
Conservation efforts of temperate woodlands
Designated protected areas eg sssi
Plant new woodlands
Coppicing
Pollarding
Ecological features of deep coral reefs
Slow growing corals as they don’t have the symbiotic polyp algae relationship
What is a sere
A sequence of ecological succession during which an uncolonised habitat develops into a climax community
