Conservation ecology

Question 1

history of conservation

Answer 1

hunter-gatherers
agricultural revolution: irrigation
industrial revolution: mass production and resource use
1800s: heavy wilderness exploitation
golden age of conservation: Theodore Roosevelt presidency, national forest/national parks/wildlife refuge creation
post WWI: republicans propose heavy resource use
second golden age: great depression, Roosevelt environmental programs (WPA, CCC, soil/fish/wildlife service, bird act)
environmental movement: Silent Spring, Wilderness Act

Question 2

landmark environmental legislation

Answer 2

Clean Air Act 1963
Wilderness Act 1964
National Environmental Policy Act 1969
Clean Water Act 1972
Endangered Species Act 1973

Question 3

three C’s of reserve design

Answer 3

core areas, connectivity, carnivores

Question 4

direct wildlife management methods

Answer 4

habitat manipulation and protection: planting food/cover crops, manipulating succession, artificial wetland, wildlife refuge, population management through predators or hunting

Question 5

indirect wildlife management methods

Answer 5

regulation, legislation (migratory bird hunting stamp act, pittman-robertson act)