Consequences of the "Great War for NZ", 1860s on Flashcards
How did the defeat of the Kingitanga impact the Crown’s sovereignty in New Zealand?
The defeat of the Kingitanga converted “nominal sovereignty to substantive sovereignty,” signifying a shift from sovereignty in name only to sovereignty in reality.
What were the consequences of the post-war period for Maori, and how did the 1983 Tainui Report describe these consequences?
In the post-war period, Maori had to adjust to an increasingly Päkehä world where their interests were subordinated to those of settlers. The 1983 Tainui Report described the impact of land confiscations, leading to the creation of “an almost landless proletariat” among Waikato iwi.
How did the alienation of remaining Maori land accelerate in the early 1860s, and what were the government’s attitudes toward Maori land?
The alienation of remaining Maori land accelerated due to a series of laws designed to shift land into Pakeha ownership. The government viewed Maori land as “idle” land that should be made available to Päkehā farmers.
By the end of the 19th century, how had the Maori population changed in relation to the settler population, and what were some of the factors contributing to this change?
By the end of the 19th century, the Maori population had become a tiny minority, making up just 6 percent of the population. This change was primarily due to disease, land loss, and settler population growth.
How did the government’s land confiscations impact Maori communities, and what were some of the regions affected?
The government’s land confiscations forced Maori to become refugees from their own land, particularly in regions like Taranaki, Waikato, Tauranga, and Opotiki (eastern Bay of Plenty). They had their goods looted, houses ransacked, and livestock seized.
What were the key aspects of the military settlements created to secure land confiscations, and how did settlers react to these settlements?
The military settlements involved former soldiers being given land, with varying acreage based on rank. Settler-soldiers were also recruited. However, many settlers abandoned their plots due to problems with land allocation, poor quality, isolation, and the unsettled nature of the aukati.
Which politicians played a significant role in the confiscations and what were their views on these actions?
Politicians like Frederick Whitaker and Thomas Russell were beneficiaries of the confiscations, and they also played a role in passing the laws enabling the confiscations. They believed in the need for confiscations, although not all settlers or voices within Britain supported them.
What was the goal of creating military settlements in the Waikato, and what challenges did these settlements face?
The goal was to establish peace and create a situation similar to the South Island, where the settler population greatly outnumbered Maori. However, the settlements faced problems related to land quality, isolation, and settler abandonment.
What was the fate of the settler-soldiers recruited to these military settlements?
The initial number of settler-soldiers dropped significantly, from 2600 to just over 1000, due to various challenges faced by these settlers.
In what regions were the land confiscations particularly prominent, and what legislation enabled these confiscations?
The land confiscations were prominent in regions such as Taranaki, Waikato, Tauranga, and Opotiki (eastern Bay of Plenty). The New Zealand Settlements Act of 1863 enabled these confiscations.
