Consequences of the Break with Rome Flashcards
1
Q
Why did the break with Rome become partially reformist
A
- Inital break meant Henry replaced the Pope as head of the church, not that the church would automatically become reformist in its doctrine
- However, those close to the king, such as Cromwell as Vicegerent in Spirituals, and Cranmer as ArchB of C had refromer sympathies
- they were sometimes able to persuade the king to alter the religious beliefs to be more evangelical
2
Q
What were the main changes to religious practice between 1536-1539
A
- dissolution of monasteries
- attack on pilgrmages and other practices that reformers saw as sacreligious
- promotion of the Eng bible
3
Q
Dissolution of the monasteries
A
- mastermined by Cromwell
- for refromers, the monasteries represented the wealth and corruption of the church
- also felt they were promoting the idea of ‘supersitious’ belief in purgatory
4
Q
Valor Ecclesiasticus
A
- 1535
- valued all church property and revealed to Henry the wealth of the monasteries
- between 1536 and 1547 their dissolution raised £1.3 mil
5
Q
What was Valor followed by in the dissolution
A
- Visitations of the onasteries undetaken by commissioners appointed by Cromwell such as Thomas Legh and Richard Layton
- part of their job was to find evidence of corruption in the monasteires to use as evidence agianst them
6
Q
What did Cromwell use the ebvidence of the Valor and visitations for
A
- to justify the 1536 act of parliament
7
Q
Act of Parliament 1536
A
- authorised the dissolution of smaller monasteries, less that £200 per annum
8
Q
Process of the dissolution
A
- Destruction of biildings, lead was stripped from roofs and melted down, stained glass and images were smashed
- the abbots were either given pensions or threatened with execution for treason if they resisted I.e. abbots of Glastonbury and Reading
9
Q
Continuation of dissolution
A
- despite the POG, which was a reaction to the dissolution, Cromwell was able to go on and dissolve the larger monasteries
- this was done with a combination of persuasion, bribes and threats
10
Q
Final result of the dissolution
A
- irreversible, becasue 2/3 of monastic property was sold to the crown
- much land was bought by nobility and gentry such as Cecil and Sepncer fams
- this meant they had a vested interest in the refromation and dissolution
11
Q
How did Cromwell ensure a religious change that he wanted
A
- New bishops were appointed who shared his religious views
- I.e. Hugh Latimer made Bishop of Worcester
12
Q
Act of Ten Articles
A
- first attempt to define the doctrine of the new church
- mostly in line with Catholic belief, but the article on the Eucharist was delibarltey ambigious in its lang
- Number of neccessary sacraments was deccreased from 7 to 3, in line with reformer views
13
Q
Cromwells injunctions
A
- issued two sets in 1536 and 1538 to the english clergy
- discouraged pracrices that were seen as supersiitous like pilgramages, emphasis on relics and worship of saints
- also encoruaged the use of a protestant bible, which was fundamental to evangelical thought
14
Q
Move towards protestant church reaching its peak
A
- In 1538-39
- In 1538 the shrine to Thomas Becket at canterbury Cathedral was destroyed
- In 1539 Henru authorised the ‘Great Bible,’ a copy of which was to be placed in every parish church
15
Q
What happened with Religious changes after 1539
A
- Pace slowed and was even reversed
- Henry himself was not a reformer and was particularly suspcious of refromer views on the Eucharist
- Conservative influence had never gone away at court. The Bishops Book published in 1537 by clergy had restored the four sacraments left out in the 10 articles
- As cromwells influene began to waver, the conservative faction at court regained the upper hand
