Consequences of extremism

Question 1

Consequences of extremism on individuals and communities

Answer 1

Trauma and loss, social division and distrust, economic hardship

Question 2

Consequences of extremism on national governments

Answer 2

Increased security and surveillance, strain on resource, polarised political views

Question 3

Consequences of extremism on regional and international relations

Answer 3

Instability, strained relationships, global co-operation

Question 4

How is trauma and loss a consequence of extremism on individuals and communities?

Answer 4

• Victims of extremism endure long-lasting trauma
• Survivors are left with mental health issues like PTSD
• Extremism based on nationalim and religious radicalisation can make communities feel unsafe and fearful, as well as feel trauma because of past incidents

Question 5

Extremism trauma and loss example

Answer 5

The 2023 Peshawar Mosque bombing in Pakistan targeted worshipers, resulting in over 100 deaths. Survivors and the families of victims faced long lasting grief and psychological trauma

Question 6

How is social division and distrust a consequence of extremism on individuals and communities?

Answer 6

• Extremist events can create atmospheres of mutual distrust
• Increased stigmatisation of ethnic minorities and other groups
• Tension and distrust between communities
• Caused by a fear of similar events happening

Question 7

Extremism social division and distrust example

Answer 7

The 2019 Easter Bombings in Sri Lanka targeted churches and mosques fuelled religious tension and tension, creating security concerns

Question 8

How is economic hardship a consequence of extremism on individuals and communities

Answer 8

• Disrupt local tourism and economies
• Measures such as insurance for property costs money
• Psychological impact means people are out of work for recovery, and they can also lose their jobs due to extremist events

Question 9

Extremism economic hardship example

Answer 9

The 2017 Barcelona terror attack reduced the number of tourists, such as in Las Ramblas, a major attraction

Question 10

How is increased security and surveillance a consequence of extremism on national governments?

Answer 10

• In response to extremism, governments increase security
• Governments have responsibility to protect citizens so they increase legislation to do so

Question 11

Extremism increased security and surveillance evidence

Answer 11

After the 2021 Capitol riots in the US, the government increased surveillance in federal areas and during high-profile political events

Question 12

How is strain on resources a consequence of extremism on national governments?

Answer 12

• Resources that were going to be spent on other areas have to be allocated to tackling extremism
• Security services have to use more funds on preventing extremism
• Causes strain on budgets and community resources

Question 13

Extremism strain on resources example

Answer 13

In Afghanistan, terror attacks from groups like ISIS-K have meant that the government allocated more resources to tackling extremism rather than on crucial development and social services

Question 14

How is polarised political views a consequence of extremism on national governments?

Answer 14

• Strong public and political responses
• Intensifies debate about immigration and radicalisation
• Creates political divide, right wing parties gain more support under their promise to keep people safe from groups who have committed extremist acts

Question 15

Extremism polarised political views example

Answer 15

In France, incidents including the 2020 beheading of a schoolteacher, led to the President Macron pushing for stricter laws around Islamic Extremism, which sparked debate as to whether the legislation was necessary

Question 16

How is instability a consequence of extremism on regional and international relations?

Answer 16

• Contributes to regional instability, crosses borders
• Neighbouring countries have to manage refugees

Question 17

Extremism instability example

Answer 17

In 2017, insurgency escalations caused by ISIS affiliates i Mozambique led to regional instability in Mozambique and neighbouring countries

Question 18

How is strained relationships a consequence of extremism on regional and international relations?

Answer 18

• Diplomatic strain between countries
• Countries may stop trading and cut ties with countries who cannot tackle or permit extremist ideologies

Question 19

Extremism strained relationships example

Answer 19

After Trump was re-elected in 2024, co-leader of the Scottish Green party, Patrick Harvie, criticised the First Minister for congratulating Trump for his victory due to his reputation as being an icon for extremist ideology

Question 20

How is global co-operation a consequence of extremism on regional and international relations?

Answer 20

• Threats of increase in extremist based violence can puhs countries to co-operate
• Countries who are allied with others will want to show that they tackle extremism, and so co-operate to tackle it

Question 21

Extremism global co-operation example

Answer 21

Following the re-emergence of ISIS in Syia and Iraq, the US and UK as well as other nations renewed their committment to the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS