Conquests in the Americas

Question 1

What 3 things motivated European explorers?

Answer 1

God, Gold, Glory

Question 2

What new technologies helped sailors be able explore farther distances?

Answer 2

The sextant, the compass, and caravel ship (triangular and square sails with storage at the bottom.)

Question 3

Bartholomeu Dias

Answer 3

Portuguese sailor who was first to sail around Africa’s southern tip at the Cape of Good Hope

Question 4

Vasco de Gama

Answer 4

First European to reach India by sea

Question 5

Christopher Columbus

Answer 5

He was sent from Spain to go to India,but found the “New World”

Question 6

Amerigo Vespucci

Answer 6

Italian merchant who discovered South America

Question 7

Ferdinand Magellan

Answer 7

First to circumnavigate the globe, named the great sea the Pacific Ocean

Question 8

Hernan Cortes

Answer 8

“greatest of the conquistadors” ; discovered the Mayans in Modern day Mexico

Question 9

Balboa

Answer 9

first to discover Pacific Ocean but named it the Great Sea

Question 10

Pizarro

Answer 10

Conquered the Incas; cruelest conquistador

Question 11

Cartier

Answer 11

discovered the St. Lawrence River; made three voyages to what is now Canada

Question 12

Line of Demarcation

Answer 12

boundary between Spanish(west) and Portuguese (east) territories in the New World

Question 13

Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 13

gave Portugal more land by moving the line over more

Question 14

circumnavigation

Answer 14

complete navigation around the whole earth

Question 15

Mayan

Answer 15

located in the Yucatan Peninsula, developed hieroglyphics & studied astronomy, polytheistic

Question 16

Aztec

Answer 16

located in Tenochtitlan & built on water, polytheistic captured more than 5 million people due to strong army

Question 17

Inca

Answer 17

western coast of South America, known for connecting all Inca cities through a road, polytheistic,

Question 18

how the arrival of the Spanish impacted each of the Native American civilizations

Answer 18

ended many civilizations, burned their books, and took their materials

Question 19

definition of conquistador

Answer 19

Spanish explorer that would search for riches, to convert Indians to Catholicism,and to establish Spanish authority

Question 20

capitalism

Answer 20

an economic system where people would invest in their own wealth

Question 21

mercantilism

Answer 21

an economic system where people believed that a country’s power was dependent on its wealth

Question 22

joint-stock company and example

Answer 22

This was when wealthy monarchs and other investors would fund expeditions of the Americas in exchange for profit. One example would be Christopher Columbus.