Connective Tissues

Question 1

Characteristics

Answer 1

Major supporting tissue of animals
Have different degrees of vascularity
Develops from mesenchymal cells

Question 2

Function

Answer 2

Support and protection against damage/infection/heat

Bind other structures together

Question 3

Types

Answer 3

Proper, cartilage, bone, blood

Question 4

Types of proper (Loose)

Answer 4

Areola, Reticular, Adipose

Question 5

Types of proper (Dense)

Answer 5

Regular, Irregular, Elastic

Question 6

Types of Cartilage

Answer 6

Hyaline, Elastic, Firbocartilage

Question 7

Bone

Answer 7

Functions: 
- Support+protects organs
- Provides attachments for muscles
- Stores calcium, minerals, fat
- Contains marrow (site for blood cell formation)
Location: bones

Question 8

Blood

Answer 8

D:
- R&WBCs in a fluid matrix called plasma
- Atypical connective tissue
F: Transports respiratory gases, nutrients and wastes,
L: WIthin blood vessels

Question 9

Areola Desc.

Answer 9

Gel-like matrix with:
+ Fibers (collagen, reticular, elastic)
+ Ground substance made of glycoproteins made by fibroblasts
Cells: fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, WBCs

Question 10

Areola Func.

Answer 10

Wraps/ cushions organs
Holds + transport tissue fluid
The site of battle between WBCs and infections

Question 11

Areola Loc.

Answer 11

Under epithelia

Around organs/ capillaries

Question 12

Adipose D.

Answer 12

Closely packed adipocytes

Nucleus pushed to one side by fat droplets

Question 13

Adipose F.

Answer 13

Insulates

Supports/protects organs

Question 14

Adipose L.

Answer 14

Under skin
Around kidneys
Behind eyeballs, within abdomen & in breasts

Question 15

Reticular D.

Answer 15

Network of reticular fibers in a loose ground substance

Question 16

Reticular F.

Answer 16

Form a soft, internal skeleton (stroma)

Supports other cells

Question 17

Reticular L.

Answer 17

Lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, spleen)

Question 18

Irregular D.

Answer 18

Primarily irregularly arranged collagen fibers

Some elastic fibers + fibroblasts

Question 19

Irregular F.

Answer 19

Withstands tension

Provides structural strength

Question 20

Irregular L.

Answer 20

Dermis of skin

Question 21

Regular D.

Answer 21

Primarily parallel collagen fibers
Fibroblasts and some elastic fibers
Poorly vascularized

Question 22

Regular F.

Answer 22

Attaches muscles to bone
Attaches bone to bone
Withstands great stress in 1 direction

Question 23

Regular L.

Answer 23

Tendons & ligaments

fascia around muscles

Question 24

Cartilage

Answer 24

Firm, flexible
Has no blood vessels or nerves
Matrix made up of approx. 80% H2O
Cell type: chondrocyte

Question 25

Hyaline Cartilage D.

Answer 25

Imperceptible collagen fibers (hyaline=glassy)
Chondroblasts (mesenchymal progenitor cells) produce matrix
Chondrocytes lie in lacunae (gaps)

Question 26

Hyaline Cartilage F.

Answer 26

Supports + reinforces
Resilient cushion
Resists repetitive stress

Question 27

Hyaline Cartilage L.

Answer 27

Fetal skeleton
Ends of long bones
Costal cartilage of ribs
Cartilages of nose, trachea & larynx

Question 28

Elastic Cartilage D.

Answer 28

Similar to hyaline cartilage

More elastic fibers in matrix

Question 29

Elastic Cartilage F.

Answer 29

Maintains structure

Allows great flexbility

Question 30

Elastic Cartilage L.

Answer 30

External ear

Epiglottis (flaps preventing food going into trachea)

Question 31

Fibrocartilage D.

Answer 31

Thick collagen fibers

Similar matrix, less firm than hyaline

Question 32

Fibrocartilage F.

Answer 32

Absorbs compressive shock

Question 33

Fibrocartilage L.

Answer 33

Intervertebral discs
Pubic symphysis
Discs of knee joint