CONNECTIVE TISSUE -till bone Flashcards
most abundant tissue
connective tissue
what does all cells of ct secrete and an exception
fibres , blood cells
types of cells
fibroblast cell macrophage mast cell adipose cell plasma cell , cartwheel cell lymphocyte mesenchymal cell
description of fibroblast cell
most abundant , rich in rer , forms osteoblast and chondrioblast , chief matrix producing cell , secrete fibre ,centralised and spherical nucleus , branched , irregular
macrophages
phagocytic, scavenger cell, Rich in lysosomes , 2nd abundant , 2nd largest , kidney shaped nucleus
examples of macrophages
brain-microglial cell blood-monocytes lungs-dust cell liver-kupffer cell Thymus -Hassels corpuscles Spleen - reticular cell
mast cell
s shapes nucleus , trilobed , irregular , like basophils of blood
what do mast cell secrete
Histamine , serotonin , Heparin
function of histamine
vasodilator, allergic and inflammatory response , amino acid derivative (histamine )
function of serotonin
vasoconstriction , at the site of injury , aa derivate (5-hydroxy tryptamine )
function of heparin
mucoploysaccharide , natural anticoagulant
adipose cell describe
store fat, oval shaped , secrete leptin hormone : regulates fat balance
types of adipose cell
monocular and multi ocular
plasma cell or cartwheel cell description
chromatin material in the wheel , factory of antibodies , clone of lymphocytes
mesenchymal cell
totipotent
lymphopcyte
amoeboid shape , large and spherical nucleus
types of fibres
collagen , elastin and reticular
differentiate between fibres
hydrolysed examples
collagen pepsin packing fibres
elastin trypsin Blood vessels
reticular proteolytic enzymes spleen, lymph node, payers patches
another name for reticular. fibres
arzyrophil fibres
special features of elastin protein.
resistant to chemicals and elasticity
types of connective tissue
loose ct-areolar and adipose
dense ct -WFCT AND YFCT
specialised ct- fluid and skeletal
loose connective tissue
fibreless
loose arranged
abundant matrix
describe areolar ct
max. intercell space irregular arrangement of fibres macrophage , fibroblast , mast cell reticular fibre absent collagen fibre max. elastic fibres few function-support
examples of areolar ct
perimysium -covering of bundle of muscle fibres
endomysium-single muscle fibres
endoneurium-single nerve fibre
Tela subcutánea /Panniculus Carnossus -thin layer connecting skin to muscles
Sub-mucosa of trachea , bronchi and intestine
function of adipose ct
store fat
types of adiopose ct and description
brown fat - multiocular adipocytes
white fat -monoular adipocytes
examples of brown fat and white fat
brown fat-rat , shrew , hibernating mammals , new born white fat -blubber in whale hump in camel thick tail of marinosheep yellow bone marrow Panniculus adiposus
dense ct description
more fibres
less matrix
cell and fibres compactly arranged
types of dense ct
regular -WFCT , YFCT
irregular -skin
WFCT and YFCT fibres
wfct- collagen fibres
yfct-elastin fibres Max.
collagen fibres present
cord of WFCT
collagen fibres and fibroblast
eg tendons
cord of YFCT
elastin mostly and collagen
eg ligament
sheath of WFCT
regular manner eg. pericardium perichondrium perisosteum covering of testis and ovary meninges cornea of eye Epimysium Glisson capsule Renal capsule
sheath of YFCT
true vocal cord
wall of blood vessels
wall of alveoli
wall of bronchioles
irregular dense ct
skin , made of collagen fibre and fibroblast cell
other types of ct
reticular /lymphoid ct
mucoid ct
pigmented ct
reticular /lymphoid ct
reticular fibres , network structure , support and strength, eg payers patches lymph nodes spleen cortex pf ovary
mucoid ct
embryonic ct , jelly like (Wharton’s jelly )
umbilical cord
vitreous humour
pigmented ct
modified areolar ct
areolae- pigments present
eg iris, choroid , dermis of frog
all types of chromatophores in pigmented ct
black - melanophores
white - guanophores
yellow -xanthophores
types of skeletal ct
cartilage and bone
brief description of cartilage
soft skeletal tissue
present in vertebrate embryo
outer covering of perichondrium (WFCT)
cell of cartilage
chondrioblast
chondriocyte
chondrioclast
function of chondrioblast
cartilage producing
flat , peripheral, round , small
divide to form osteocyte
function of chondriocyte
present in lacuna , rounded
mature large cell
1-4 osteocyte in 1 lacuna
function of chondrioclast
rich in lysosome and cartilage destroying
function of matrix of cartilage
solid, pliable , avascular , blood passes only through perichondrium (double layered )
matrix composed of
proteoglycan (protein+ carbohydrates ) chondriotin protein (on boiling )->chondrin protein
function of cartilage
provide rigidity and elasticity
types of cartilage
hyaline cartilage
calcified cartilage
elastic cartilage
white fibrous cartilage
hyaline cartilage
glass like matrix
most of the embryonic part -> embryonic cartilage
most common cartilage
examples of hyaline cartilage
c shaped ring in trachea and bronchioles
nasal septum
coastal cartilage-> sternum part of ribs
most of the larynx-laryngeal cartilage
articular cartilage
elastic cartilage
elastin fibres , elasticity , yellow fibres
examples of elastic cartilage
ear pinna Eustachian tube epiglottis tip of nose cartilage of Santorini (larynx )
whit fibrous cartilage
perichondrium absent
white fibres present
strongest cartilage
eg of white fibrous cartilage
intervertebral disc
pubis symphysis
calcified cartilage
hardest cartilage , ca salts present in the form of Hydroxy apetite
that is Ca10 (PO4)6 (OH)2
eg of calcified cartilage
head of femur
head of humerus
hardest tissue
bone
study of bone
osteology
total no. of. bones
before birth 300
after birth 270
adult 206
how many osteocyte in lacuna
1
osteoclast rich in
acid phosphate and lysosome
matrix of bone
hard, non-pliable
