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Anatomy Ch. 3 Post-Quiz > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

3 components of connective tissue

A

specialized cells, protein gibers, ground substance

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2
Q

Consistence of ground substance varies and can be…

A

blood, bone, cartilage

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3
Q

Everything in connective tissue begins as

A

mesenchyme

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4
Q

Mesenchyme is able to produce

A

chondroblasts, osteoblasts, fibroblasts, hematopoetic

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5
Q

Stem cells are also known as

A

hematopoeitic

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6
Q

Two types of connective tissue proper

A

loose and dense

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7
Q

three types of loose connective tissue

A

areolar, adipose, and reticular

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8
Q

three types of dense connective tissue

A

regular, irregular, and elastic

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9
Q

three types of connective tissue fibers

A

collagen, elastic, and reticular

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10
Q

tough and resistant to force; thickest diameter; straight, long, and unbranched; often in bundles

A

collagen fibers

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11
Q

examples of collagen fibers

A

tendons and ligaments

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12
Q

smaller and freely branched fibers; cans stretch up to 150% of their relaxed length

A

elastic fibers

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13
Q

fibers form branching networks; spiderwebs, scaffolds for cells within organs such as the spleen

A

reticular fibers

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14
Q

groud substance is…

A

colorless, no specific shapes, consists of water and organic molecules, supports cells and provides medium through which substances are exchanged, fluid-like (plasma/blood) to solid (bone)

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15
Q

ground substance contains

A

fibroblasts and glycosaminoglycanns

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16
Q

associated with proteins and attract water to make ground substance more jelly like to act as lubricant and shock absorber

A

glycosaminoglycanns (GAGS)

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17
Q

Examples of GAGS include

A

hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratin sulfate

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18
Q

two types of specialized cells

A

fixed cells and wandering cells

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19
Q

cells that are stationary, maintain, repair, and store energy

A

fixed cells

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20
Q

examples of fixed cells include

A

chondrocytes (cartilage cells) and osteocytes (bone cells)

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21
Q

cells that play a role in immunity

A

wandering cells

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22
Q

types of connective tissue

A

embryonic, mature, dense, and fluid connective tissue

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23
Q

two types of embryonic tissue include

A

mesenchyme and mucous

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24
Q

Found in embryo (under skin and in developing bones) from fertilization through first 2 months of gestation; form all other types of connective tissue

A

mesenchyme

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25
Q

found in/forms the umbilical cord, supports the umbilical cord, contain collagen fibers for strength, and found in fetus from 3rd month to birth

A

mucous

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26
Q

three types of loose mature connective tissue

A

areolar, adipose, and reticular

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27
Q

Tissue in dermis of skin, below the skin (hypodermis/subcutaneous layer), between muscles, around blood vessels and nerves, around joints

A

areolar

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28
Q

Tissue below the skin (hypodermis/subcutaneous layer), padding around eyes, kidneys, joints, yellow bone marrow

A

adipose

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29
Q

Tissue in the liver, kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, red bone marrow

A

reticular

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30
Q

three types of dense mature connective tissue

A

dense regular, elastic tissue, dense irregular

31
Q

Tissue in tendons (bone to muscle), ligaments (bone to bone), aponeuroses (flat tendons)

A

dense regular

32
Q

five categories of mature connective tissue

A

loose, dense, cartilage, bone, and liquid

33
Q

Tissue in blood vessel walls, lung tissue, suspensory ligaments of penis, trachea, true vocal cords

A

elastic tissue

34
Q

tissue in capsules of visceral organs (ex. kidneys, liver, lymph nodes), dermis, membranes around bone (periosteum) and cartilage (perichondria), sheaths around nerve and muscle, deep fascia; lots of collagen fibers

A

dense irregular

35
Q

three types of cartilage connective tissue

A

hyaline, elastic, fibrous

36
Q

covering bone surfaces at synovial joints (hip, knee, elbow, shoulder, etc.), trachea

A

hyaline cartilage

37
Q

in auricle of the ear, epiglottis, eustachain tube

A

elastic cartilage

38
Q

pads in the knee joint (menisci), intervertebral discs

A

fibrous cartilage

39
Q

locations of the compact bone

A

both compact and spongy bone tissue make up the various parts of bones of the body

40
Q

locations of blood

A

within blood vessels (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins) and within the chambers of the heart

41
Q

GAGS linked to core proteins

A

proteogylcans

42
Q

Found in ground substance, produce hyaluronan

A

Fibroblasts

43
Q

give ground substance its viscous consistency

A

hyaluronan

44
Q

Except for hyaluronic acid, GAGS are associated with proteins and are called…?

A

proteoglycans

45
Q

6 types of fixed cells

A

fibroblasts, fibrocytes, fixed macrophages, adipocytes, mesenchymal cells, melanocytes

46
Q

5 types of wandering cells

A

free macrophages, mast cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils

47
Q

two types of connective tissue that include CT proper

A

loose and dense

48
Q

type of loose CT that consists of all 3 types of fibers, function is strength, elasticity, and support

A

areolar (packing tissue)

49
Q

regulates heat loss through skin, energy reserve, supports and protects organs; in newborns, generates heat to maintain body temp

A

adipose tissue

50
Q

forms stroma of organs, binds together muscle tissue cells, fibers, and removes worn out blood cells in the spleen and microbes in lymph nodes

A

reticular tissue

51
Q

provides strong attachment between various structures; tissue structure withstands pulling along the long axis of fibers; very few blood vessels so takes long time to heal

A

dense regular tissue

52
Q

allows for stretch and recoil; branched and rebound

A

elastic tissue

53
Q

consists of blood plasma and formed elements: RBCs, WBC’s, and platelets

A

Blood CT

54
Q

CT Functions in Immune system and clotting

A

Blood

55
Q

Cells, Ground Substance, and Fibers of blood?

A

Cells- erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets
Ground Substance: plasma
Fibers: fibrinogen within plasma

56
Q

Becomes insoluble during clotting process

A

fibrinogen

57
Q

Weakest but most abundant type of cartilage; provides smooth surfaces for movement at joints; fine collagen fibers, chondrocytes are prevalent in lacuna, all bones begin as this type of cartilage

A

hyaline cartilage

58
Q

support and joins structures together with strength; thick bundles of collagen fibers; lacks perichondrium; chondrocytes not as obvious

A

fibrocartilage

59
Q

provides strength and elasticity and maintains shape of certain structures

A

elastic cartilage

60
Q

mature bone cell, resides in matrix

A

osteocyte

61
Q

allows for interconnection between osteocytes

A

canaliculi

62
Q

osteocytes sits in…

A

lacuna

63
Q

fiber in bone CT

A

collagen

64
Q

4 types of membranes

A

serous (serosa), mucous (mucosa), cutaneous, and synovial

65
Q

simple squamous ET (mesothelium) and areolar CT, reduces friction, lines body cavities that do not open directly to outside

A

serous membrane

66
Q

lines body cavities that open directly to exterior, type of ET depends on location, areolar CT, contains goblet cells that secrete mucous, 1st line of immune defense, tight junctions

A

mucous membrane

67
Q

includes epidermis (stratified squamous) and dermis (areolar, adipose, and dense irregular CT)

A

cutaneous membrane

68
Q

lack an epithelial layer, instead have synoviocytes and areolar and adipose CT, line cavities of freely movable joints/synovial joints

A

synovial membrane

69
Q

secrete synovial fluid

A

synoviocytes

70
Q

3 components of connective tissue framework of the body

A
  1. superficial fascia/subcutaneous layer/hypodermis
  2. deep fascia
  3. subserous fascia
71
Q

thickness varies depending on location, between skin and organs, areolar and adipose tissue

A

superficial fascia/hypodermis/subcutaneous layer

72
Q

forms a strong, fibrous, internal framework; dense irregular CT, bound to capsules, tendons, ligaments (collagen fibers), forms boundaries between tissues

A

deep fascia

73
Q

only found in serous membranes, between serous membranes and deep fascia, areolar CT

A

subserous fascia

Anatomy Ch. 3 Post-Quiz (3 decks)

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