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Anatomy Ch. 3 Post-Quiz > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

3 components of connective tissue

A

specialized cells, protein gibers, ground substance

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2
Q

Consistence of ground substance varies and can be…

A

blood, bone, cartilage

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3
Q

Everything in connective tissue begins as

A

mesenchyme

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4
Q

Mesenchyme is able to produce

A

chondroblasts, osteoblasts, fibroblasts, hematopoetic

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5
Q

Stem cells are also known as

A

hematopoeitic

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6
Q

Two types of connective tissue proper

A

loose and dense

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7
Q

three types of loose connective tissue

A

areolar, adipose, and reticular

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8
Q

three types of dense connective tissue

A

regular, irregular, and elastic

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9
Q

three types of connective tissue fibers

A

collagen, elastic, and reticular

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10
Q

tough and resistant to force; thickest diameter; straight, long, and unbranched; often in bundles

A

collagen fibers

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11
Q

examples of collagen fibers

A

tendons and ligaments

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12
Q

smaller and freely branched fibers; cans stretch up to 150% of their relaxed length

A

elastic fibers

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13
Q

fibers form branching networks; spiderwebs, scaffolds for cells within organs such as the spleen

A

reticular fibers

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14
Q

groud substance is…

A

colorless, no specific shapes, consists of water and organic molecules, supports cells and provides medium through which substances are exchanged, fluid-like (plasma/blood) to solid (bone)

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15
Q

ground substance contains

A

fibroblasts and glycosaminoglycanns

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16
Q

associated with proteins and attract water to make ground substance more jelly like to act as lubricant and shock absorber

A

glycosaminoglycanns (GAGS)

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17
Q

Examples of GAGS include

A

hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, dermatan sulfate, keratin sulfate

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18
Q

two types of specialized cells

A

fixed cells and wandering cells

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19
Q

cells that are stationary, maintain, repair, and store energy

A

fixed cells

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20
Q

examples of fixed cells include

A

chondrocytes (cartilage cells) and osteocytes (bone cells)

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21
Q

cells that play a role in immunity

A

wandering cells

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22
Q

types of connective tissue

A

embryonic, mature, dense, and fluid connective tissue

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23
Q

two types of embryonic tissue include

A

mesenchyme and mucous

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24
Q

Found in embryo (under skin and in developing bones) from fertilization through first 2 months of gestation; form all other types of connective tissue

A

mesenchyme

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25
found in/forms the umbilical cord, supports the umbilical cord, contain collagen fibers for strength, and found in fetus from 3rd month to birth
mucous
26
three types of loose mature connective tissue
areolar, adipose, and reticular
27
Tissue in dermis of skin, below the skin (hypodermis/subcutaneous layer), between muscles, around blood vessels and nerves, around joints
areolar
28
Tissue below the skin (hypodermis/subcutaneous layer), padding around eyes, kidneys, joints, yellow bone marrow
adipose
29
Tissue in the liver, kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, red bone marrow
reticular
30
three types of dense mature connective tissue
dense regular, elastic tissue, dense irregular
31
Tissue in tendons (bone to muscle), ligaments (bone to bone), aponeuroses (flat tendons)
dense regular
32
five categories of mature connective tissue
loose, dense, cartilage, bone, and liquid
33
Tissue in blood vessel walls, lung tissue, suspensory ligaments of penis, trachea, true vocal cords
elastic tissue
34
tissue in capsules of visceral organs (ex. kidneys, liver, lymph nodes), dermis, membranes around bone (periosteum) and cartilage (perichondria), sheaths around nerve and muscle, deep fascia; lots of collagen fibers
dense irregular
35
three types of cartilage connective tissue
hyaline, elastic, fibrous
36
covering bone surfaces at synovial joints (hip, knee, elbow, shoulder, etc.), trachea
hyaline cartilage
37
in auricle of the ear, epiglottis, eustachain tube
elastic cartilage
38
pads in the knee joint (menisci), intervertebral discs
fibrous cartilage
39
locations of the compact bone
both compact and spongy bone tissue make up the various parts of bones of the body
40
locations of blood
within blood vessels (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins) and within the chambers of the heart
41
GAGS linked to core proteins
proteogylcans
42
Found in ground substance, produce hyaluronan
Fibroblasts
43
give ground substance its viscous consistency
hyaluronan
44
Except for hyaluronic acid, GAGS are associated with proteins and are called...?
proteoglycans
45
6 types of fixed cells
fibroblasts, fibrocytes, fixed macrophages, adipocytes, mesenchymal cells, melanocytes
46
5 types of wandering cells
free macrophages, mast cells, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils
47
two types of connective tissue that include CT proper
loose and dense
48
type of loose CT that consists of all 3 types of fibers, function is strength, elasticity, and support
areolar (packing tissue)
49
regulates heat loss through skin, energy reserve, supports and protects organs; in newborns, generates heat to maintain body temp
adipose tissue
50
forms stroma of organs, binds together muscle tissue cells, fibers, and removes worn out blood cells in the spleen and microbes in lymph nodes
reticular tissue
51
provides strong attachment between various structures; tissue structure withstands pulling along the long axis of fibers; very few blood vessels so takes long time to heal
dense regular tissue
52
allows for stretch and recoil; branched and rebound
elastic tissue
53
consists of blood plasma and formed elements: RBCs, WBC's, and platelets
Blood CT
54
CT Functions in Immune system and clotting
Blood
55
Cells, Ground Substance, and Fibers of blood?
Cells- erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets Ground Substance: plasma Fibers: fibrinogen within plasma
56
Becomes insoluble during clotting process
fibrinogen
57
Weakest but most abundant type of cartilage; provides smooth surfaces for movement at joints; fine collagen fibers, chondrocytes are prevalent in lacuna, all bones begin as this type of cartilage
hyaline cartilage
58
support and joins structures together with strength; thick bundles of collagen fibers; lacks perichondrium; chondrocytes not as obvious
fibrocartilage
59
provides strength and elasticity and maintains shape of certain structures
elastic cartilage
60
mature bone cell, resides in matrix
osteocyte
61
allows for interconnection between osteocytes
canaliculi
62
osteocytes sits in...
lacuna
63
fiber in bone CT
collagen
64
4 types of membranes
serous (serosa), mucous (mucosa), cutaneous, and synovial
65
simple squamous ET (mesothelium) and areolar CT, reduces friction, lines body cavities that do not open directly to outside
serous membrane
66
lines body cavities that open directly to exterior, type of ET depends on location, areolar CT, contains goblet cells that secrete mucous, 1st line of immune defense, tight junctions
mucous membrane
67
includes epidermis (stratified squamous) and dermis (areolar, adipose, and dense irregular CT)
cutaneous membrane
68
lack an epithelial layer, instead have synoviocytes and areolar and adipose CT, line cavities of freely movable joints/synovial joints
synovial membrane
69
secrete synovial fluid
synoviocytes
70
3 components of connective tissue framework of the body
1. superficial fascia/subcutaneous layer/hypodermis 2. deep fascia 3. subserous fascia
71
thickness varies depending on location, between skin and organs, areolar and adipose tissue
superficial fascia/hypodermis/subcutaneous layer
72
forms a strong, fibrous, internal framework; dense irregular CT, bound to capsules, tendons, ligaments (collagen fibers), forms boundaries between tissues
deep fascia
73
only found in serous membranes, between serous membranes and deep fascia, areolar CT
subserous fascia

Anatomy Ch. 3 Post-Quiz (3 decks)

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