Connective Tissue Flashcards
What is the function of connective tissue?
- Connect epithelium to the rest of the body (basal lamina) 2. Provide structure (bone) 3. Store energy (fat) 4. Transport materials (blood) 5. Have no contact with environment
What is the matrix composed of?
fibers and ground substance.
What are the types of connective tissue proper? function?
- loose CT: more ground substance, less fiber –> adipose tissue 2. Dense CT: more fibers, less ground substance.
what are the 8 types of CT proper?
- fibroblast 2. macrophages 3. adipocytes 4. mesenchymal cells 5. melanocytes 6. mast cells 7. lymphocytes 8. microphages
what is the most common cell type? and what do they secrete?
fibroblast and they secrete proteins and hyaluronan
What is the function of macrophages?
eat pathogens and damaged cells.
What is the function of melanocytes?
synthesize and store the brown pigment of melanin.
What is the function of mast cells? and give and example?
stimulate inflammation after injury or infection by real easing histamine and heparin For example: basophilsGi
what are microphages and give an example?
phagocytic blood cells that respond to signals from macrophages and mast cells. For example: neutrophils and eosinophils.
Where are collagen fibers located? what is the function?
- collagen: most common fiber of CTP, resist force in 1 direction. They are long, straight, and unbranched For example: tendons and ligaments.
What is the function of reticular fibers and give where are they located?
Reticular fibers stabilizes functional cells (parenchyma) and structures. They resist force in many directions. They are located in the liver, kidneys, spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow
What is the function of elastic fibers and where are they located?
They contain elastin and return to original length after stretching. They are located on the elastic ligaments of vertebrae
What are they two types of embryonic CT?
mesenchyme and mucous
What is the first connective tissue in embryo?
mesenchyme (embryonic stem cells)
What are the types of loose CT?
areolar, adipose and reticular.
What is the function of areolar loose CT and where are they located?
holds blood vessels and capillary beds. They are located under the skin (subcutaneous layer).
What is the function and location of adipose tissue?
Functions: padding and cushions schocks, insulaes and stores energy preserves.
What are the two types of adipose tissue? and how are they different?
- white fat: most common, stores fat, insulation, mainly in adults. 2. brown fat: more vascularized, breaks down fat and produces heat.
what are the types of dense CT?
- dense regular 2. dense irregular 3. elastic tissue
What is the function of dense regular CT? give an example where are they located?
- stabilization and attachment. 2. can be found on tendons ligaments and aponeuroses.
What is the appearance of dense CT?
tightly packed collagen fibers with elongated fibroblast nuclei.
What is the appearance of dense irregular CT and where can they be found?
They look like interwoven networks of collagen fibers; fibers running in all directions. **Found in: 1. layered in skin 2.around cartilage (perichondrium) 3. around bones (periosteum) 4. form capsules around some organs (live and kidneys)
What is the appearance of elastic tissue and where can they be found?
long elastic fibers with fibroblast nuclei. **Found: 1. elastic ligaments of spinal vertebrae
What constitute the fluid CT?
Blood and lymph. -carries formed elements
What are formed elements?
- RBCs 2. WBCs (monocytes, lymphoctes, eosinophil, basophil and neutrophil) 3. platelets.
What constitute the fluid element of blood?
- plasma 2. interstitial fluid 3. lymph
What is lymph?
Extracellular fluid: -collected from interstitial space -monitored by immune system transported by lymphatic system returned to venous system
What are the 2 fluid transport system in the body?
- cardiovascular (blood) 2. lymphatic system (lymph)
