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Histo Connective Tissue (me) > Connctive Tissue > Flashcards

Connctive Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

C.T originates from the ______

A

Mesenchyme

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2
Q

Functions of c.t

A 
Binds organs
Support 
Physical protection 
Movement 
Temp regulation 
Immune protection
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3
Q

What are undifferentiated stem cells present through the the body

A

Mesenchymal cells

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4
Q

What is the function of fibroblasts

A

To synthesize collage and fibers

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5
Q

When fibroblasts are inactive they become:

A

Fibrocyte

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6
Q

These cells are migratory cells that derive from monocytes

A

Macrophages

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7
Q

These cells form a second line of defense in the body

A

Macrophages

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8
Q

Macrophages fuse and form____

A

Giant cells

These are capable of phagocytosing larger foreign bodies

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9
Q

Macrophages encircle the foreign body and form epithelial cells which ward off this foreign body

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

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10
Q

What are other cells that are derived from monocytes (blood)

A 
Microglia cells (nervous system)
Langerhans cells (skin)
Dendritic cells (lymph node)
Osteoclasts (bone)
Giant cells (ct)
Kupfer cells (liver)
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11
Q

It is difficult to see mast cells when stained with h&e so we use what stain?

A

Metachromatic

From blue to red/purple

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12
Q

What two types of cells have receptors for Ige

A

Mast cells and basophils

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13
Q

Ige receptors on Mast cells mediate a hypersensitivity reaction known as

A

Anaphylactic shock

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14
Q

Mast cells release

A

Histamine and leukotriene c

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15
Q

Histamine function

Leukotriene C function

A

Increases the permeability of blood vessels and contraction of smooth muscle cells especially in the LUNGS

Does the same but at a slower rate

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16
Q

Lymphocytes originate from:

A

Lymphoid stem cells of the bone marrow

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17
Q

2 types of lymphocytes

A

B and T cells

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18
Q

B cells originate and differentiate in ? And in birds?

A

Bone marrow

Birds in the cloacal bursa

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19
Q

T cells originate and differentiate where

A

In the bone marrow but differentiate in the thymus

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20
Q

What cell produces antibodies

A

Plasma cells

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21
Q

B cells differentiate into what cells

A

Plasma cells

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22
Q

What cell participates in humoral Immune response

A

B cells

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23
Q

What cells participates in cell mediated immune responses

A

T cells

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24
Q

What cells recirculate between connective tissue and blood

A

Lymphocytes

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25
Q

T cells secrete ___ which attack foreign cells

A

Cytokines

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26
Q

Subtypes of t lymphocytes

A

Helper
Suppressor
Killer

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27
Q

When do lymphocytes increase in number

A

Viral infection
Surgical transplantation
Leukemia

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28
Q

This type of Lymphocyte gets rid of tumor cells

A

Nulls cells

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29
Q

What cell increases during parasitic infections and allergic reactions

A

Eosinophils

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30
Q

These cells DO NOT recirculate after leaving blood,making C.T their action site and graveyard

A

Neutrophils

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31
Q

These cells participate in phagocytosis of microorganisms

A

Neutrophils

32
Q

These cells participate in first line of defense

Their numbers increase in bacterial infection

A

Neutrophils

33
Q

What Kind of nucleus does neutrophils have

A

Multi lobed

34
Q

When there is an acute infection which cell prevails

A

Neutrophils

35
Q

When the infection is chronic which cell prevails

A

Macrophages

36
Q

3 connective tissue cell types

A

Collagen
Reticular
Elastic

37
Q

Collagen is made of protein _____

A

Tropocollagen

38
Q

Name the 4 types of collagen fibers

A

Type 1- fibers and bundles (most prevalent)
Type 2- hyaline cartilage, forms fibrils
Type 3- argyrophillic fibers,(thin) (stained with silver), pred in lymph nodes and bone marrow
Type 4- amorphous (basement membrane)

39
Q

Reticular fibers can be stained with what

A

Cannot be stained with h&e
Can be stained with PAS because of glycoproteins
Can also be stained with silver because of argyrophillic fibers

40
Q

Reticular fibers are present in organs such as

A

Lymph nodes and spleen

41
Q

Elastic fibers can be stained with

A

Cannot stain with h&e

Stain with Van Gieson or Weigert’s elastic

42
Q

A featureless substance occupying in life empty spaces,appearing in tissue sections
Protects cells from mechanical energy

A

Ground substance

43
Q

Ground substance is made up of 3 molecules

A

Glycosaminoglycans
Proteoglycans
Adhesive glycoproteins

44
Q

There’s 2 types of dense connective tissue

A 
Dense irregular (most dense) in dermis 
Dense regular - has fewer cells, fewer vessels, and more densely arranged ... In tendons

EXPLAINS WHY TENDONS ARE HARDER TO HEAL THAN THE DERMIS

45
Q

If an injury occurred, which part of the skin will heal easily or faster?loose irregular or dense c.t

A

Loose irregular because it has more space to heal and more blood supply

46
Q

Loose irregular c.t is in what cell

A

Epithelium

47
Q

Mucous c.t contains these cells

A

Mesenchymal

48
Q

White adipose tissue consists of _____ adipose cells

A

Unilocular

49
Q

White adipose tissue function

A

Store fat

50
Q

Brown adipose tissue function

A

Produce heat

51
Q

Brown adipose tissue consists of ____ adipose cells

A

Multilocular

52
Q

What in the brown adipose tissue makes them brown

A

The mitochondria contains am enzyme called cytochrome

53
Q

What is hydrostatic pressure

A

The force exerted by the heart,Forces fluid out of the capillary wall
Higher at the arterial end of the capillary

54
Q

What is colloid osmotic pressure

A

Draws water back into the capillaries

55
Q

What would cause the colloid osmotic pressure to decrease

A

Starvation
Parasitic infestation
Blockage of lymph vessels

56
Q

What is the difference between epithelium and connective tissue

A

Epithelium tissue is mainly cellular (very small intercellular tissue,avascular(receive nutrients by diffusion of blood vessels), and cells are arranged in layers
C.T is fibrous, less cellular, vascular, cells are randomly disbursed in ground substance

57
Q

Which cell synthesizes all immunoglobulins?

A

Plasma cells

58
Q

Acute viral infection results in

A

High Lymphocytes

59
Q

True or false

T lymphocytes outnumber b lymphocytes In circulation

A

True t lymphocytes is 80 -90 %

60
Q

Which cell types lack granules

A

Neutrophils and lymphocytes

61
Q

Which cell plays a role in Rejection of a tissue/transplant

A

Lymphocytes

62
Q

GAG function

A

Regulate water and electrolyte balance

63
Q

Examples of GAG

A 
chondroitin sulfate (blood vessels,cartilage,bone)
Heparin(anticoagulant)
Hyaluronic acid(barrier for organisms in skin and lubricant in joints)
64
Q

Consists of a core protein from which many GAGs extend

A

Proteoglycans

65
Q

Glycoproteins function

A

Binds plasma membrane proteins to collagen and proteoglycans outside the cell

66
Q

Which adipose tissue contains a signet ring

A

White adipose tissue

67
Q

Increased blood pressure or hypoproteinemia leads to what

A

Increased fluid in the C.T (edema)

68
Q

What are some things that could block Lymph vessels

A

Pressure (pregnancy)
Parasites ( elephantiasis )
Decreased tone in the valves of Lymph vessels (due to old age)

69
Q

What cell leaves the circulation, migrate to the trauma site and function in the removal of tissue debris

A

Monocytes

70
Q

What prevents passage of material into the body via spaces between adjacent epithelial cells

A

Tight junctions

71
Q

A magnetic resonance image (MRI) reveals an intracranial mass and you suspect it is an astrocytoma. A positive immunocytochemical reaction for which of the following would confirm your diagnosis

A

Glial Filaments

72
Q

The secretion of which cell is most likely to break down histamine and serves to reduce side effects of an allergic reaction

A

Eosinophil

73
Q

Cardiac muscle cells are most likely to have which junctional specialization enabling all fibers to contract simultaneously

A

Gap junction

74
Q

What cell transforms into epithelioid tissue to wall off tuberculosis infection

A

Macrophages

75
Q

What cell plays a role in increasing the permeability of blood vessels and smooth muscle cells especially in the lungs

A

Mast cells

76
Q

This type of epithelia lies on basal laminae but all cells do not reach lumina

A

Pseudo stratified

77
Q

This type of epithelia usually lines the kidneys

A

Simple cuboidal

Histo Connective Tissue (me) (1 decks)

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