ConLaw3 Flashcards
SUBSTANTIVE DP 5+14AM prohibits ARBITRARY G’t action and …:
[use if it law affects ALL people]
Protects 1) ECONOMIC LIBERTIES [Taking/K. =RB] &
2) FUNDAM. rights
[Tavel /Vote /Privacy =SS].
–ECON. Regulations violate SDP IFF P shows it’s NOT RAT. related to ANY LEGIT. G’t interest.
CA: If a FUNDAM. right is involved:
BOP G’t: 2show law is NECESS. to promote a COMPELL. G’t interest
List FUNDAM. RIGHTS under Substantive DP [& Equal Protection]:
FUNDAM. RIGHTS are protected under subst. DP [+EP if classific.]
(SS=NEC.2promote COMPELL. G’t int.)
1) 1st AM [Free Speech & Assembly]
2) TRAVEL [CA: Reas. Residency Req. for: Voting /inState Tuition /Divorce]
3) VOTE [CA: “Special purp.” election req’s NO 1-man-1-vote /Right to BE a candidate =RB.
/Race=15thAM]
4) PRIVACY [C(A)MPER].
Privacy LIST.
CONTRACEPTIVES (ABORTION =noSS) MARRY Procreation Education Relations [CAMPER]
Privacy: CONTRACEPTIVES
CONTRACEPTIVES [buy & use]
(if law is against Minors purchasing contraceptives:
Add EP violation).
Privacy: ABORTION [Planned P.]
[the only privacy right NOT under SS.]
Note:
No G’t duty to SUBSIDIZE Abortions [Medicaid].
1) Pre-viability: State may NOT PROHIBIT A. May regulate if NOT creating UNDUE BURDEN on ABILITY to get A.
NOT UNDUE burden:
a) 24-hour Waiting Period:
b) Prohibit PARTIAL BIRTH abortion
c) Require consent of 1 parent of unmarried minor’s abortion, but must leave altern. proced. (JUDICIAL BYPASS): judge approves abortion if he finds suff. maturity or Minor’s best interests.
CA: SPOUSAL CONSENT /Notification law: unC.
2) POST-Viability: MAY PROHIBIT, UNLESS nec. to protect Woman’s Life/HEALTH.
Privacy: Education
a) CONTROL UPBRINGING OF ONE’S Children
(=>parents can object to G-parents’ visitation) [Amish].
b) CUSTODY OF ONE’S CHILDREN
Privacy rights: RELATIONS
&
Medical Treatment
Rights +CA:
1) to KEEP (extended) FAMILY TOGETHER
CA: UNrelated.
2) to REFUSE MEDICAL /Life-Saving TREATMENT
[CA: 1) incompetent
2) State may require c&c ev.
3) & prevent family members from term. treatm. (b/c right belongs to the indiv.).
CA: No right to PHYSICIAN-assisted SUICIDE.
EQUAL PROTECTION (applies to FED. G’t via 5th AM of DPC!) The EPQ of 14th AM ...:
[use if law affects SOME people.
Lynchpin: impermissible classif.]
prohibits STATES to treat similarly situated persons differently w/o SUFFICIENT JUSTIFICATION.
If a CLASSIFICATION doesNOT INVOLVE a (Q)Suspect class, or doesNOT burden a FUNDAM. right, it’ll be UPHELD if RATION. rel. to any Legit. G’t interest. BOP …
CA: If the Classification is Suspect under EPC, it’s subj. to STRICT judicial review.
Approach to EP Questions:
1) G’t Action?
2) Q/Suspect Classification?
3) OR classif. involves FUNDAM. Rights
[Travel; Vote; Privacy; +1st AM (Deprivation of Free Speech /Religion))
4) +FACIALLY Neutral?
If No: SS. Else: Must show:
a) Discrim. IMPACT & b) Discrim. PURPOSE.
RACE-based &
NATIONAL ORIGIN based
Classification:
If FACIALLY NEUTRAL law …:
P MUST show: 1) DISCRIM. PURPOSE(!) 2) & IMPACT to raise pres. to SS. Can show Discr. PURPOSE by: a) LEGISLATIVE Hist. b) Discrim. APPLICATION c) FACIAL discr.
Racial vs. Gender Classification BENefiting MINORITIES …+CA:
SS: 1) Compelling: Remedy PAST, PURPOSEFUL DISCRIMINATION
CA: RACEbased Num. QUOTAS
2) EDU. INSTIT.: can use race ONLY as 1FACTOR in ADMISS. decisions to help minorities.
CA: set aside % /SLOTS based on r.
3) SENIORITY SYSTEMS: canNOT burden innocent 3P by affirm. action.
Cf. Gender: IM !!
FED. G’t may DISCRIM. on the basis of ALIENAGE (RB) b/c plenary IMMIGR. power. BUT … :
[Note: UNDOCUM. Alien CHILDREN:
IM => ALL receive free public EDU].
a State’s PURPOSEFUL discrim. of NON-CITIZENS must satisfy SS.
CA: RB: IFF Alienage classif. relates to:
1) SELF-G’t [=JOBS w/ G’t function: Cop-Probation Offc.-Teacher. CA: Univ.
CA: Notary public /Technical job]
& 2) DEMOCRATIC PROCESS [=VOTING /JURY].
GENDER-based (=Q-Suspect) Classification:
[Cf. Gender classifications BENEFITING WOMEN]
If FACIALLY NEUTRAL law, P MUST show: 1) DISCRIMINATORY IMPACT 2) & PURPOSE(!) [by: a) LEGISLATIVE Hist.! b) discriminatory APPLICATION c) FACIAL discrim. ["boys only" in military]] =>IM: but "Subst. related" means: “EXCEEDINGLY persuasive justif.”
GENDER Classification (=Q-Suspect) BENEFITING WOMEN +CA:
IM: Only to REMEDY PAST, PURPOSEFUL DISCRIM. &
DIFF. in OPPORTUNITY.
[female Surviving Spouse Benefit formula]
CA: Classif. is based on ROLE STEREOTYPES: unC. (PP: don’t encourage)
Discriminatory Laws that DENY BENEFITS to NON-MARITAL Children +CA…:
but grant them to Marital Children: are always unC. [Quasi-Suspect Classif. =>IM]
[“Only MARITAL Children can inherit”=unC.
CA: OK: Paternity must be establ. in father’s lifetime. Lally.]
