Conjunctiva, Sclera And Episclera Flashcards
List the three main types of conjunctivitis
Bacterial
Viral
Atopic
List the 7 main symptoms of conjunctivitis
Hyperaemia Haemorrhages Chemosis Membranes Infiltration Follicles Papillae
What is the technical name for redness?
Hyperaemia
Darker red in bacterial infections
Difference between haemorrhages in viral and bacterial conjunctivitis?
Viral - small and discreet
Bacterial - larger and diffuse
What is chemosis?
Swelling - happens especially with allergic reactions
What diseases are membranes associated (pseudo and true)?
Adenovirus
Ligenous conjunctivitis
Bacterial infections
Describe infiltration in conjunctivitis
When cells accumulate at the site of inflammation, causes loss of details of tarsal vessels.
Associated with papillae response.
Describe follicles in conjunctivitis
Small raised translucent lesions with blood vessels around. Associated with viral and chlamydial conjunctivitis.
Describe papillae in conjunctivitis
Irregular sized lumps of different sizes in the limbal and palpebral areas.
Associated with allergic / vernal conjunctivitis, bacterial infections and blepharitis.
List some bacteria that can cause bacterial conjunctivitis
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Haemophillus influenza
Meningococcal
What are the associations with bacterial conjunctivitis?
Colds and flu
Small children
What are the signs of bacterial conjunctivitis?
Chemosis Mucopurulant discharge Hyperaemia Corneal associations: - peripheral ulceration - superficial punctate keratitis
What are the symptoms of bacterial conjunctivitis?
Redness
Grittiness
Burning sensation
Bilateral infection
Management of conjunctivitis?
Often self limiting so observation
Topical antibiotics - prescribed by pharmacist / IP optom
If referral needed GP management / ophthalmologist, systemic anaesthetics, topic steroids.
Distinct signs of chlamydial conjunctivitis
Mucopurelent / watery discharge
Large follicles
Superficial punctate keratitis
Sub epithelial corneal infiltrates
