Conjugation Flashcards

1
Q

て form (plain origin)

A

Godan ending with
う、つ、る→って
ぬ、ぶ、む→んで
す→して
く→ いて
ぐ→いで

ichidan る→て

いく→いって、くる→きて、する→して

い adj: い→ くて
な adj & nouns: だ→で

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2
Q

Te form (polite origin)

A

I,chi,ri ->tte
Bi,mi,ni ->nde
Ki -> ite
Gi -> ide
Shite, itte, kite

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3
Q

Potential form

A

Godan:
Replace u sound with corresponding e + ru

Ichidan:
Ru turns to rareru

Kuru —> korareru
Suru—> dekiru

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4
Q

Plain form (godan)

A

Negative: change u sound to corresponding a sound + nai (pure u turns into wa not a)
Past: te form but turn the te to ta
Negative past: turn to negative form and change nai —> nakatta

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5
Q

Plain form (Ichidan + irregular)

A

Negative: ru —> nai
Past: ru —> ta
Past negative: ru —> nakatta

Kuru —> konai —> kita —> konakatta
Suru —> shinai —> shita —> shinakatta

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6
Q

Plain form (nouns + na adj)

A

Present: X だ
Present Negative: X ではない
Past: X だった
Past negative: X ではなかった

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7
Q

Plain form (i adj)

A

Negative: i —> kunai
Past: i —> katta
Past negative: i —> kunakatta

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8
Q

Volitional

A

Godan:
う —> corresponding お sounds + う

Ichidan:
る —> よう

くる —> こよう、する —> しよう

Negative:
~ないでおこう
~のはやめよう/よそう

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9
Q

Imperative

A

Godan:
う—> corresponding え

Ichidan:
る —> ろ

くる —> こい、する —> しろ
くれる —> くれ

Negative:
Plain form + な

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10
Q

Causative

A

Godan:
う —> corresponding あ sound +せる
Ichidan:
る —> させる

くる —> こさせる、する —> させる

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11
Q

Hypothetical

A

Godan:
う —> corresponding え sound +ば

Ichidan:
る —> れば

くる —> くれば、する —> すれば

I adj:
い—> ければ

Nouns + na adj:
なれば

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12
Q

Adjectives —> adverbs

A

I adj:
い —> く

Na adj:
な —> に

いい —> よく

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13
Q

causative + potential

A

godan:
う—>あ*せる—>あ※される

Ichidan:
る—> させる—>させられる

する—>させる—>させられる
くる—>こさせる—>こさせられる

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14
Q

passive

A

Godan:
う—> corresponding あ sound +れる

ichidan:
る—>られる

くる—>こられる、する—>される

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