Conifers and broadleaf

Question 1

Size @ age 150: 120-180’ 2.5-3.5 diameter
Life span: 350 years
Needles: bundles of 5
Cones: 6-12” long curved when dry
Bark: dark grey, small square blocks when mature
Where to find: low to middle elevations; mixed forests

Answer 1

Western White Pine

Question 2

Size @ age 100: 70-110’ 1-2’ diameter
Life span: 150 years
Needles: bundles of 2
Cones: 3/4-2” long egg shaped
Bark: black to reddish-brown, thin and scaly
Where to find: middle elevation, well drained soils, often in pure stands

Answer 2

Lodgepole Pine

Question 3

Size @ age 250: 30-60’ 1-2’ diameter
Life span: 450 years
Needles: bundles of 5, clustered toward ends of branchlets
Cones: 2.5” long egg shaped, purplish-brown
Bark: young trees light brownish grey becoming dark brown at maturity
Where to find: high elevation above 5,000’

Answer 3

Whitebark Pine

Question 4

Size @ age 200: 60-120’ 1-2’ diameter
Life span: 200 years
Needles: Flat, 1-1 3/4” long, spread almost at right ‘brushed up’ angles. Blue-green in color
Cones: upright, 2 1/4-4” long, purple
Bark: grey, smooth, with resin blisters, becoming cracked w/ age
Where to find: subalpine zone of high mountains

Answer 4

Subalpine Fir

Question 5

Size @ age 120: 110-170’ 3-4’ diameter
Life span: 300 years
Needles: 3/4-1&1/4” long, flattened all around the twig, soft to touch
Cones: cylindrical, 2-3” long, 3 pointed bract protruding from scales
Bark: dark gray brown, corky looking, deeply furrowed in mature trees, rusty-red in furrows
Where to find: Rocky soils at middle elevations across forest. Mixed forests

Answer 5

Douglas Fir

Question 6

Size at age 200: 80-150’ 1.5-2.5’ diameter
Life span: 350 years
Needles: 3/4-1” long. Stiff, bad odor when crushed
Bark: gray or purplish-brown, very thin and loosely attached scalyes
Where to find: moist cool air drainages, higher altitudes w/ subalpine fir

Answer 6

Englemann Spruce

Question 7

Size @ age 150: 100-160’ 1.5-3’ diameter
Life span: 500+ years
Needles: crowded deciduous in cluster of 14-30, 1/2” long on spur twigs. Turn gold in fall and drop
Cones: 1-1.5” long with bract protruding from each scale
Bark: reddish-brown. Flat plates on mature trees
Where to find: mountain slopes and valleys on gravelly sandy or loamy soils. Mixed forests

Answer 7

Western Larch

Question 8

Size @ age 250: 100-160’ 2-8’ diameter
Life span: 1,000+ years
Leaves: small overlapping scale-like leaves that firm sprays, in opposite pattern, shiny, dark, green
Cones: 3/4” long brown
Bark: cinnamon-red on young stems, gray on old trunks, fibrous and shredding
Where to find: moist hillsides, by streams, often found with western hemlock.

Answer 8

Western Redcedar

Question 9

Size @ age 150: 120-180’ 2.5-4’ diameter
Life span: 300
Needles: 5-10” long in bundles of 3, sometimes 2 on the same twig
Cones: 4-6” long. Conical or egg shaped. Outward pointed prickles
Bark: black on young trees, yellow-brown with large scaly plates on mature trees
Where to find: lower elevations and dry southern slopes

Answer 9

Ponderosa Pine

Question 10

Spiky

Answer 10

Spruce

Question 11

Friendly

Answer 11

Fir

Question 12

Chalky White bark with black blotches

Answer 12

Aspen

Question 13

Papery bark with horizontal markings

Answer 13

Birch

Question 14

Silver green under leaves

3 parted seeds

Answer 14

Cottonwood

Question 15

50-70’ tall
Life span: 80 years
Leaves: egg-shaped edges, coarsely notched, dark green
Bark: dark brown at first, turning to creamy white. Separates into thin papery strips

Answer 15

Western Paper Birch

Question 16

60-120’ tall
Life span: 120 years
3-6” long, tapering to point, dark green
Bark: yellow to gray and smooth in young trees, turning dark gray and furrowed when older.

Answer 16

Black Cottonwood