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Mountain Camp MSA > Coniferous Forest > Flashcards

Coniferous Forest Flashcards

1
Q

Coniferous Trees

A

Juniper Pine 5-8k
Ponderosa Pine 8k
Single Leaf Pinyon 3-9500k
Jeffrey Pine 6-9.5k

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2
Q

Deciduous vs Non-deciduous

A

Discarding leaves? Deciduous
Deciduous lose their leaves in the winter to conserve energy and water. The energy stored is keep the vital part of the tree alive.

Non-deciduous or evergreens don’t capture much sunlight and have waxy coatings so they won’t lose much moisture.

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3
Q

Telling the difference bw these common conifers

Fir

Spruce

Pine

A

Number of needles?
If twig groups needles of 2,3, and 5 can be a Pine
(3 to 4 even 5 is pine)

If needles on twig singly a fir or a spruce.

If you can roll the needle easily/four sides it’s a spruce. If it feels flat it’s a fir.

Needles of fir is flat; spruce is rolling loose.

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4
Q

Categories of Leaf Shapes?

1?

2?

3?

A
  1. Broad - Oaks
  2. Needles - (pine and fir)
  3. Scaly - cedar
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5
Q

Basic types of Veins:

1

2

3

A
  1. Parallel - long and parallel going down the entire length of the leaf
  2. Netted Pinnate - like ribs evenly spaced down the center
  3. Netted palmate - fanned out like a webbed foot.
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6
Q

Symbiotic relationships:

A
  1. Commensalism - one benefits, but the host is neither benefitted or harmed.
    E.g., the acorn woodpecker benefits from taking the acorns and storing it in dead tree or wood or an open crevice in a tree, and the host oak is not harmed.
  2. Mutualism - both organisms benefit without harm. E.g., squirrels get food and shelter, but when the bury the nuts the majority are forgotten by the squirrel, and thus the trees benefit by having their seeds get spread out by the squirrel.

Parasitism - one benefits and the other is harmed. E.g., the mistletoe plant takes root in old trees and weakens them by sucking the food and water out of them. When the dwarf mistletoe berries ripen, the explode shooting the seeds up to 50 ft. . The seeds land on. Young trees and saplings where they germinate and steal the nutrients from the saplings.

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7
Q

Data Chart

A
  1. Number and name
  2. Bark Sketch
  3. Needle - how many and approx. length
  4. Cone Size approx.
  5. Fact
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8
Q

Data: Ponderosa Pine

A
  1. Name
  2. Bark: Odorless reddish bark that is separated into large, flat plates by cracks
  3. Needles form in bundles of 3 ranging from 5-10i inches in length
  4. Cones are about 5” long and are prickly to the touch
  5. Fact: thick bark up to 3” thick protects from forest fires; most commonly used for lumber in CA.
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9
Q

Jeffrey Pine

A
  1. Name
  2. Bark: brownish-pink with narrow edges.
  3. Needles: in clusters of 3
  4. Cones: Large up to 10”; spines turned inward
  5. Vanilla butterscotch scent
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10
Q

Deciduous vs Non-deciduous

A

Discarding leaves? Deciduous
Deciduous lose their leaves in the winter to conserve energy and water. The energy stored is keep the vital part of the tree alive.

Non-deciduous or evergreens don’t capture much sunlight and have waxy coatings so they won’t lose much moisture.

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1
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11
Q

Telling the difference bw these common conifers

Fir

Spruce

Pine

A

Number of needles?
If twig groups needles of 2,3, and 5 can be a Pine
(3 to 4 even 5 is pine)

If needles on twig singly a fir or a spruce.

If you can roll the needle easily/four sides it’s a spruce. If it feels flat it’s a fir.

Needles of fir is flat; spruce is rolling loose.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
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12
Q

Categories of Leaf Shapes?

1?

2?

3?

A
  1. Broad - Oaks
  2. Needles - (pine and fir)
  3. Scaly - cedar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Basic types of Veins:

1

2

3

A
  1. Parallel - long and parallel going down the entire length of the leaf
  2. Netted Pinnate - like ribs evenly spaced down the center
  3. Netted palmate - fanned out like a webbed foot.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Symbiotic relationships:

A
  1. Commensalism - one benefits, but the host is neither benefitted or harmed.
    E.g., the acorn woodpecker benefits from taking the acorns and storing it in dead tree or wood or an open crevice in a tree, and the host oak is not harmed.
  2. Mutualism - both organisms benefit without harm. E.g., squirrels get food and shelter, but when the bury the nuts the majority are forgotten by the squirrel, and thus the trees benefit by having their seeds get spread out by the squirrel.

Parasitism - one benefits and the other is harmed. E.g., the mistletoe plant takes root in old trees and weakens them by sucking the food and water out of them. When the dwarf mistletoe berries ripen, the explode shooting the seeds up to 50 ft. . The seeds land on. Young trees and saplings where they germinate and steal the nutrients from the saplings.

How well did you know this?
1
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5
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15
Q

Data Chart

A
  1. Number and name
  2. Bark Sketch
  3. Needle - how many and approx. length
  4. Cone Size approx.
  5. Fact
How well did you know this?
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16
Q

Data: Ponderosa Pine

A
  1. Name
  2. Bark: Odorless reddish bark that is separated into large, flat plates by cracks
  3. Needles form in bundles of 3 ranging from 5-10i inches in length
  4. Cones are about 5” long and are prickly to the touch
  5. Fact: thick bark up to 3” thick protects from forest fires; most commonly used for lumber in CA.
17
Q

Jeffrey Pine

A
  1. Name
  2. Bark: brownish-pink with narrow edges.
  3. Needles: in clusters of 3
  4. Cones: Large up to 10”; spines turned inward
  5. Vanilla butterscotch scent
18
Q

Deciduous vs Non-deciduous

A

Discarding leaves? Deciduous
Deciduous lose their leaves in the winter to conserve energy and water. The energy stored is keep the vital part of the tree alive.

Non-deciduous or evergreens don’t capture much sunlight and have waxy coatings so they won’t lose much moisture.

19
Q

Telling the difference bw these common conifers

Fir

Spruce

Pine

A

Number of needles?
If twig groups needles of 2,3, and 5 can be a Pine
(3 to 4 even 5 is pine)

If needles on twig singly a fir or a spruce.

If you can roll the needle easily/four sides it’s a spruce. If it feels flat it’s a fir.

Needles of fir is flat; spruce is rolling loose.

20
Q

Categories of Leaf Shapes?

1?

2?

3?

A
  1. Broad - Oaks
  2. Needles - (pine and fir)
  3. Scaly - cedar
21
Q

Basic types of Veins:

1

2

3

A
  1. Parallel - long and parallel going down the entire length of the leaf
  2. Netted Pinnate - like ribs evenly spaced down the center
  3. Netted palmate - fanned out like a webbed foot.
22
Q

Symbiotic relationships:

A
  1. Commensalism - one benefits, but the host is neither benefitted or harmed.
    E.g., the acorn woodpecker benefits from taking the acorns and storing it in dead tree or wood or an open crevice in a tree, and the host oak is not harmed.
  2. Mutualism - both organisms benefit without harm. E.g., squirrels get food and shelter, but when the bury the nuts the majority are forgotten by the squirrel, and thus the trees benefit by having their seeds get spread out by the squirrel.

Parasitism - one benefits and the other is harmed. E.g., the mistletoe plant takes root in old trees and weakens them by sucking the food and water out of them. When the dwarf mistletoe berries ripen, the explode shooting the seeds up to 50 ft. . The seeds land on. Young trees and saplings where they germinate and steal the nutrients from the saplings.

23
Q

Data Chart

A
  1. Number and name
  2. Bark Sketch
  3. Needle - how many and approx. length
  4. Cone Size approx.
  5. Fact
24
Q

Data: Ponderosa Pine

A
  1. Name
  2. Bark: Odorless reddish bark that is separated into large, flat plates by cracks
  3. Needles form in bundles of 3 ranging from 5-10i inches in length
  4. Cones are about 5” long and are prickly to the touch
  5. Fact: thick bark up to 3” thick protects from forest fires; most commonly used for lumber in CA.
25
Q

Jeffrey Pine

A
  1. Name
  2. Bark: brownish-pink with narrow edges.
  3. Needles: in clusters of 3
  4. Cones: Large up to 10”; spines turned inward
  5. Vanilla butterscotch scent
26
Q

Deciduous vs Non-deciduous

A

Discarding leaves? Deciduous
Deciduous lose their leaves in the winter to conserve energy and water. The energy stored is keep the vital part of the tree alive.

Non-deciduous or evergreens don’t capture much sunlight and have waxy coatings so they won’t lose much moisture.

27
Q

Telling the difference bw these common conifers

Fir

Spruce

Pine

A

Number of needles?
If twig groups needles of 2,3, and 5 can be a Pine
(3 to 4 even 5 is pine)

If needles on twig singly a fir or a spruce.

If you can roll the needle easily/four sides it’s a spruce. If it feels flat it’s a fir.

Needles of fir is flat; spruce is rolling loose.

28
Q

Categories of Leaf Shapes?

1?

2?

3?

A
  1. Broad - Oaks
  2. Needles - (pine and fir)
  3. Scaly - cedar
29
Q

Basic types of Veins:

1

2

3

A
  1. Parallel - long and parallel going down the entire length of the leaf
  2. Netted Pinnate - like ribs evenly spaced down the center
  3. Netted palmate - fanned out like a webbed foot.
30
Q

Symbiotic relationships:

A
  1. Commensalism - one benefits, but the host is neither benefitted or harmed.
    E.g., the acorn woodpecker benefits from taking the acorns and storing it in dead tree or wood or an open crevice in a tree, and the host oak is not harmed.
  2. Mutualism - both organisms benefit without harm. E.g., squirrels get food and shelter, but when the bury the nuts the majority are forgotten by the squirrel, and thus the trees benefit by having their seeds get spread out by the squirrel.

Parasitism - one benefits and the other is harmed. E.g., the mistletoe plant takes root in old trees and weakens them by sucking the food and water out of them. When the dwarf mistletoe berries ripen, the explode shooting the seeds up to 50 ft. . The seeds land on. Young trees and saplings where they germinate and steal the nutrients from the saplings.

31
Q

Data Chart

A
  1. Number and name
  2. Bark Sketch
  3. Needle - how many and approx. length
  4. Cone Size approx.
  5. Fact
32
Q

Data: Ponderosa Pine

A
  1. Name
  2. Bark: Odorless reddish bark that is separated into large, flat plates by cracks
  3. Needles form in bundles of 3 ranging from 5-10i inches in length
  4. Cones are about 5” long and are prickly to the touch
  5. Fact: thick bark up to 3” thick protects from forest fires; most commonly used for lumber in CA.
33
Q

Jeffrey Pine

A
  1. Name
  2. Bark: brownish-pink with narrow edges.
  3. Needles: in clusters of 3
  4. Cones: Large up to 10”; spines turned inward
  5. Vanilla butterscotch scent

Mountain Camp MSA (1 decks)

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