Congo, Senegal and Nigeria (The scramble for Africa) Flashcards
To understand about the scramble for Africa
What year was the Berlin conference, when discussing the scramble for Africa?
Berlin, Germany in 1884-1885
What did Europe want from Africa?
Raw materials (also land but mostly materials)
In the Congo river basin which languages did the people from the tribes and kingdoms speak?
Bantu Langauges
Which century did one of the tribes have contact with a Portuguese explorer?
15th / 16th century (1400’s or 1500’s)
Who explored the Congo river in the 19th century?
Henry Stanley
Who didn’t ignore Henry Stanley when he came back from Africa with rich resources?
King Leopold the second (Belgium)
What did Henry Stanley name the Congo after he claimed it for Belgium?
The Congo Free State
How long did “The Congo Free State” last for?
From 1885 till 1908
What were King leopards good motives for taking the land of the Congo?
For scientific research and to help the people of the Congo region
What materials did Belgium exploit from the Congo?
Rubber and Ivory
Which year was King Leopold forced to hand back the land of Congo?
1908
What was the Congo renamed after it was forced back in 1908?
The Belgian Congo
Which book was written in 1902 about Leopolds Congo and who was the author?
“The heart of Darkness” written by Joseph Conrad
How did Leopold Treat the indigenous people of the Congo when they he had to collect rubber for Europe?
He treated them harshly, marching his army, into villages and holding their wives hostage, and forcing the, to collect rubber
How was the population of the Congo effected by the rule of Leopold the second from roughly 1880 to 1920?
50% of the population died out due to forced labour, harsh conditions and starvation. In 40 years 20 million people became 10 million
When did Europe become interested in Senegal and who came first and then a bit later?
I the 17th century. The Dutch got involved and then the French
Where was the French factory in Senegal located?
The mouth of the Senegal river
When did the French take over the Goree from the dutch?
1677
What materials did the French bases sell?
Gold, slaves and gum arabic
What did assimilation mean?
To fully understand something
What was the hallmark of the French colony?
Assimilation
What did you have to do if you wanted to be named a full citizen for French colonies?
You had to adopt French culture and customs
Who was the first black deputy of the French assembly?
Blaise Diagne
What was the indirect rule?
When Lugards success in the North he moved and left the local government in the hands of local chiefs but with European guidance
What was the hallmark of the British colonies?
Indirect rule
How much compensationsation did Britain give to Nigeria after taking the land?
£865,00
What was the date where by Britain took over Nigeria?
1900, January the 1st
What did the Battle of the boil result in?
It resulted in reinstalling Akitoye in as king of Lagos and banning slavery in Lagos
What are 2 consequences of European colonisation in Africa?
- European powers exploited Africa’s natural resources through forced labor.
- Artificial borders caused ethnic conflicts and political instability.
