Congestive Heart Failure Flashcards
1
Q
What are the clinical presentation of heart failure?
A
- Dyspnea, due to excess fluid accumulation
- Fatigue, due to decreased cardiac output
2
Q
What is the physical exam for heart failure?
A
- Ascites
- Crackles
- Decreased breath sounds
3
Q
What are the types of heart failure?
A
- Low output failure -systolic and diastolic
- High output failure
- Right ventricular heart failure
4
Q
What are the causes of HF?
A
-Results from structural/ functional abnormalities that impair the ability of the ventricles to eject blood
5
Q
What is the testing in HF?
A
- Electrocardiogram
- Echocardiogram
- Exercise testing
6
Q
What are the stages of HF?
A
- Stage A: Increased risk, no symptoms
- Stage B: Heart disease, asymptomatic
- Stage C: Prior current symptoms
- Stage D: Advantanced heart disease, severely symptomatic
7
Q
Order of therapy for HF?
A
- Loop diuretics
- ACE inhibitors
- Beta blockers
8
Q
What are the risk factors for Heart Failure?
A
- Obesity
- family history
- High blood pressure
- Diet
- Lack of exercise
