Congential Heart Disease Flashcards
Opening In the atrial septum permitting free communication of blood between the atria
ASD Atrial septal defect
Rarely signs of CHF no cyanosis most asymptotic hyperactive precordium fixed widely split s2
ASD
Treatment for ASD
Surgical closure elect lively between ages 2 and 5
Abnormal opening in the ventricular septum allows free communication between right and left ventricles
VSD
Harsh systolic murmur along LSB small close by age two … Large one see CHF symptoms between 1-6 months
VSD
Treatment for VSD
Small none
Symptomatic: ACE and diuretics
Large may need surgery
Incomplete fusion the endocardium cushions which help to for, the lower portion of the atrial septum the membranes portion of the ventricular septum and the septal leaflets teiscupid and mitral valves
AVSD
Congestive heart failure in infants recurrent pulmonary infections failure to thrive wide fixed splitting of s2 cardiac enlarge,met on X-ray pull are systolic ejection murmur
AVSD
Treatment for AVSD
Surgery always pulmonary banding
Persistence of the normal fetal vessel that joins the pa of the aorta
PDA
Bounding artieral pulses
Winded pulse pressure
Enlarged heart
Classic continuous machine like murmur
PDA
Treatment for PDA
Usually closes first week if not ligation and division or infra vascular coil
Pulmonary stenosis
TOF
PA
Decreased pulmonary blood flow
Obstruction in the region of either the pulmonary valve or the sub pulmonary ventricular outflow tract
Pulmonary stenosis
Cyanosis jugular a wave even lift
Ejection click followed by systolic murmur
Split 2nd heart sound
Pulmonary stenosis
Treatment of pulmonary stenosis
Ballon valvuloplasty
Valvotomy
TOF is made up of what 4 defects
Pulmonary stenosis
Right ventricular hypertrophic
Ventricular septal defect
Overriding aorta
Sign on X-ray of TOF
Boot snapped heart
Cyanosis
Episodic loss of consciousness
Squatting when fatigued
Ventricular hypertrophic
TOF
TOF treatment
Palliative shunts
Blalock taus sing
Corrective repair
Absence of communication between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
Pulmonary atresia
Cyanosis at birth Tachypnea pulmonary edema CHF Hepatomegly Acidosis Delayed growth
PA
Treatment for PA
Prostaglandin Digoxin Diuretics BAS Rasttelli
ASD
VSD
ASVD
PDA
Increased pulmonary blood flow
Aortic stenosis Coarctation of the aorta HLHS mitral stenosis Interrupted aortic arch
Obstructed systemic blood flow
Obstruction of the outflow from the left ventricle at or near the aortic valve that causes a systolic pressure gradient of more than 10mmhg
Aortic stenosis
Chest pain Weak pulses Left sided heart failure Sudden death LV Thrust at apex Ejection click systolic murmur radiates to carotid
Aortic stenosis
Treatment for aortic stenosis
Surgery not a cure
Ballon valvuloplasty
May require valve replace,net
Narrowing of the aorta of varying points anywhere from the transverse arch to the iliac bifurcation
Coarctation of the aorta
Diminished or absent femoral pulse
Higher BP in upper extremities
Lower extremity hypo perfusion
Cardiomegaly rib notching on x ray
Coaraction of the aorta
Treatment of coartaction of the aorta
Prostaglandin essential
Angioplasty
Ballon angioplasty
Mitral and aortic valves are absent or stenosed along with an abnormal small left ventricle and aorta
Hypo plastic left heart syndrome
Tachypnea Dyspnea Decreased peripheral pulses No murmur Cardiomegaly
HLHS
Treatment of HLHS
3 stage surgery
Norwood, glen , font on
Heart transplant
Palliative care
TGA
TAPVR
TRUNCUS ARTERIOUS
double outlet right ventricle
Mixed defects
Pulmonary artery is the outflow tract for the left ventricle and the aorta is the outflow tract for the right ventricle
TGA
Cyanosis No murmur Growth failure Egg snapped heart on string Right ventricular hypertrophic Fails the hyperoexsist
TGA
Treatment of TGA
Prostins
BAS
artieral switch done by 1-3 weeks of age
Pulmonary veins empty somewhere other than the left atrium
TAPVR
Severe pulmonary edema Pulmonary hypertension Limited cardiac output Arrhythmia S2 has a wide fixed split with a possible gallop
TAPVR
Treatment of TAPVR
Prostins
Digoxin
Diuretics
Surgery to connect pulmonary veins to the left atrium
A single large vessel empties both ventricles and provides circulation for the pulmonary systemic and coronary circulation
TRUNCUS ARTERIOUS
Harsh systolic murmur lower eternal border along with a systolic click in the apex
Ventricular enlargement
TRUNCUS
Treatment for TRUNCUS
Rasttelli procedure
Digoxin diuretic
