Congenital Heart Disease Flashcards
Acyanotic conditions
VSD, ASD, PDA
Cyanotic conditions
Truncus arteriosus, transposition of the great vessels, tricuspid artresia, tetralogy of Fallot, TAPVR
Conditions a/w VSD
Trisomy, 13, 18, 21 Tetralogy of Fallot TORCH infection Apert's syndrome (cranial deformities, fusion of fingers and toes) Fetal alcohol syndrome Cri-du-chat syndrome
Conditions a/w ASD
Holt-Oram syndrome (Absent radii, ASD, 1st degree heart block)
Fetal alcohol syndrome
Down syndrome
PE: harsh holosystolic murmur over LLSB
Small VSD
PE: Soft holosystolic murmur, systolic thrill, crackles, hepatomegaly, narrow S2 w/ increased P2, mid-diastolic apical rumble
Large VSD
PE: wide and fixed split S2, SEM at LUSB. Mid-diastolic rumble at LLSB
ASD
PE: continuous machinery murmur at 2nd left intercostal space, loud S2, wide pulse pressure, bounding peripheral pulses
PDA
PE: murmur on back between scapulae, SBP higher in UE, weak femoral pulses, radiofemoral delay, short systolic murmur, forceful apical impulse
Coarctation of the aorta
How to keep a PDA open?
Prostaglandin E1
Only congenital heart disease to present w/ cyanosis soon after birth
Transposition of the great vessels
DiGeorge syndrome
CATCH 22: Cardiac abnormalities (transposition, tetralogy) Abnormal facies Thymic aplasia Cleft palate Hypocalcemia 22q11 deletion
PE: tachypnea, hypoxemia, CHF, single loud S2, +/- systolic murmur at LSB
Transposition of the great vessels
Tetralogy of Fallot
Pulmonary stenosis
RVH
Overriding aorta
VSD
PE: children squat for relief
Tetralogy of Fallot
-2/2 increased systemic vascular resistance
