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CRAAB- Golijan Heart Disorders > Congenital Heart Disease > Flashcards

Congenital Heart Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What vessel has the highest Po2 in fetal circulation?

A

Umbilical vein

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2
Q

What keeps the ductus arteriosus open?

A

PGE2, a vasodilator synthesized by the placenta

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3
Q

What is the MCC heart disease in children?

A

congenital

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4
Q

What increases the risk of CHD?

A

Increased risk with increased maternal age

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5
Q

What do left to right shunts do to Sa02 in the heart?

A

Step UP O2 in the right heart

oxygenated blood from left side of the heart is mixed with unoxygenated blood on the right

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6
Q

What happens to O2 sat in right to left shunts?

A

Step DOWN 02 in left heart

unoxygenated blood from right side is mixed with oxygenated blood on left side

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7
Q

What is Eisenmenger syndrome?

A

Reversal of a shunt

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8
Q

What is the MC CHD?

A

VSD

defect in membranous portion of IVS

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9
Q

What is VSD associated wtih?

A

cri du chat syndrome, FAS

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10
Q

What murmur is heard with a VSD?

A

harsh pansystolic murmur along the lower left sternal border

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11
Q

What happens to oxygen saturation in VSD?

A

Step UP in RV and PA

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12
Q

What percent of VSD spontaneously close?

A

50%

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13
Q

What is the MC CHD in adults?

A

ASD

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14
Q

What is the MCC of ASD?

A

patent foramen ovale

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15
Q

What is ASD associated iwth?

A

FAS

Down syndrome

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16
Q

An adult comes to you with a wide, fixed split S2. What is this murmur characteristic of?

A

ASD

17
Q

What can dangerous thing can occur with ASD?

A

Paradoxical embolism (venous clot material in systemic circulation)

18
Q

What happens to oxygen saturation in ASD?

A

Step UP in O2 in RA, RV and PA

19
Q

What is PDA associated with?

A

Congenital rubella
RDS
Transposition

20
Q

A pt has a continuous, machine like murmur. What do they have?

A

PDA

21
Q

What happens to O2 saturation in PA?

A

Step UP

22
Q

How do you close PDA?

A

indomethacin

23
Q

What is the MC cyanotic CHD after age 1?

A

TofF

24
Q

What defects are associated with TF?

A

VSD
PV stenosis
RVH
Aorta overlies PV

25
Q

In TF what correlates with the presense/absence of stenosis?

A

Degree of PV stenosis

26
Q

What happen to O2 saturation in TF?

A

step DOWN in O2 in LV and A artery

CRAAB- Golijan Heart Disorders (9 decks)

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