Congenital Heart Disease Flashcards
What vessel has the highest Po2 in fetal circulation?
Umbilical vein
What keeps the ductus arteriosus open?
PGE2, a vasodilator synthesized by the placenta
What is the MCC heart disease in children?
congenital
What increases the risk of CHD?
Increased risk with increased maternal age
What do left to right shunts do to Sa02 in the heart?
Step UP O2 in the right heart
oxygenated blood from left side of the heart is mixed with unoxygenated blood on the right
What happens to O2 sat in right to left shunts?
Step DOWN 02 in left heart
unoxygenated blood from right side is mixed with oxygenated blood on left side
What is Eisenmenger syndrome?
Reversal of a shunt
What is the MC CHD?
VSD
defect in membranous portion of IVS
What is VSD associated wtih?
cri du chat syndrome, FAS
What murmur is heard with a VSD?
harsh pansystolic murmur along the lower left sternal border
What happens to oxygen saturation in VSD?
Step UP in RV and PA
What percent of VSD spontaneously close?
50%
What is the MC CHD in adults?
ASD
What is the MCC of ASD?
patent foramen ovale
What is ASD associated iwth?
FAS
Down syndrome
An adult comes to you with a wide, fixed split S2. What is this murmur characteristic of?
ASD
What can dangerous thing can occur with ASD?
Paradoxical embolism (venous clot material in systemic circulation)
What happens to oxygen saturation in ASD?
Step UP in O2 in RA, RV and PA
What is PDA associated with?
Congenital rubella
RDS
Transposition
A pt has a continuous, machine like murmur. What do they have?
PDA
What happens to O2 saturation in PA?
Step UP
How do you close PDA?
indomethacin
What is the MC cyanotic CHD after age 1?
TofF
What defects are associated with TF?
VSD
PV stenosis
RVH
Aorta overlies PV
In TF what correlates with the presense/absence of stenosis?
Degree of PV stenosis
What happen to O2 saturation in TF?
step DOWN in O2 in LV and A artery
