Congenital Heart Disease

Question 1

Tetralogy of Fallot

Answer 1

VSD
Overriding aorta
Right ventricular hypertrophy
Pulmonary stenosis

Question 2

Post successful ToF repair - common cardiac finding?

Answer 2

Pulmonary regurgitation

Question 3

Treatment of cardiogenic shock - HOCM

Answer 3

1. Increase preload and afterload
   > Leg elevation and IV fluids/blood
   > Pressors with minimal beta-1 receptor agonist activity (phenylephrine)
2. Negative inotropes
   > IV beta-blockers
3. Mechanical circulatory support

Aim is to relieve LVOT to increase cardiac output
Avoid positive inotropes (dobutamine, adrenaline)

Question 4

Valvular lesion in Noonan’s syndrome

Answer 4

Pulmonary stenosis