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Pathophysiology 2 > Congenital Heart Defects > Flashcards

Congenital Heart Defects Flashcards

1
Q

Truncus Arteriosus

A

What: There is a joining of the pulmonary artery and the aorta

Cyanotic

Duct Dependant

Tx: Surgery, High PVR

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2
Q

Tetralogy of Fallot

A

What: A hole between the lower chambers of the heart

Cyanotic

Duct Dependant

Tx: Surgery, High PVR, PGE1

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3
Q

Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

A

What: The four pulmonary veins drain abnormally to the right atrium (right upper chamber) by way of an abnormal (anomalous) connection.

Cyanotic

Duct Dependant

Tx: Surgery, High PVR, PGE1

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4
Q

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

A

What: The left side of the heart does not form correctly

Acyanotic

Duct Dependant

Tx: Sats 70-80%, High PVR, PGE1

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5
Q

Coarctation of the Aorta

A

What: The aorta is narrow, usually in the area where the ductus arteriosus ( ligamentum arteriosum after regression) inserts.

Acyanotic

Duct Dependant

Tx: Surgery, High PVR, PGE1

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6
Q

Pulmonary Stenosis

A

What: The pulmonary valve stenosis is when the pulmonary valve in the heart is narrowing (stenosis) and the valve cannot open wide enough meaning less blood will flow into the lungs.

If severe will be cyanotic

Duct Dependant

Tx: Surgery, High PVR, PGE1

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7
Q

Patent Ductus Arteriosus

A

What: The ductus arteriosus is a hole that allows the blood to skip the circulation to the lungs. If the ductus arteriosus is still open (or patent) the blood may skip this necessary step of circulation. The open hole is called the patent ductus arteriosus and provides a connection between the pulmonary artery and aorta

Acyanotic

Not Duct Dependant

Tx: Digoxin, Indomethicin, surgery, time

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8
Q

Ventricular Septal Defect

A

What: Hole between the ventricles

Acyanotic

Not Duct Dependant

Tx: Digoxin, Indomethicin, surgery, time

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9
Q

Atrial Septal Defect

A

What: Hole between the atriums

Acyanotic

Not Duct Dependant

Tx: Indomethicin, surgery, time

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10
Q

Transposition of the Great Arteries

A

What: The aorta and pulmonary vessel are swapped so that they are connected to the wrong ventricle

Cyanotic

Duct Dependant

Tx: PGE1, Surgery

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11
Q

Tricuspid Atresia

A

What: The tricuspid heart valve is missing or abnormally developed. The defect blocks blood flow from the right atrium to the right ventricle.

Cyanotic

Duct Dependant

Tx: PGE1, Surgery

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Pathophysiology 2 (9 decks)

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