Congenital defects Pathoma Flashcards
Defect in the septum that divides the right and left ventricles
Ventral septal defect VSD
What is VSD associated with?
Fetal alcohol syndrome
What kind of shunt will you see in VSD?
Left to right at first
Then, as pulmonary HTN increases the shunt will switch (Eisenmenger syndrome) and you will get a right to left shunt with cyanosis & clubbing
Defect in the septum that divides the right and left atrium
Atrial septal defect (ASD)
Failure of ductus arteriosus to close leading to a shunting of blood from the aorta to the pulmonary arteries
Patent ductus arteriosus
Murmur in PDA
“Machine-like”
Tetralogy of Fallot has 4 characteristics. What are they?
- Stenosis of RVOT
- RVH
- VSD
- Overriding aorta
What kind of shunt is present in Tetralogy of Fallot?
right to left
The right to left shunt in Tetralogy of Fallot leads to?
Cyanosis
What does a Tetralogy of Fallot heart look like on CXR?
“Boot shaped”
From where does the pulmonary artery arise in Transposition of the Great Vessels?
Left ventricle (opposite of where it should arise)
What do the right and left ventricles look like in Transposition of Great Vessels
Right ventricle is hypertrophied; LV is atrophic
This disorder is characterized by a single large vessel arising from both ventricles
Truncus arteriosus
This disorder is characterized by a tricuspid valve that fails to develop
Tricuspid atresia
What is tricuspid atresia often associated with?
ASD and a right to left shunt
