Congenital Anomolies Flashcards
What are pigment cuffs?
- short anterior ciliary arteries
- bluish cuff
- associated with anterior ciliary nerves (Axenfeld loop)
What causes Blue Sclera?
is it normal for infants, symptoms, what 3 anomolies is it indicative of?
- scleral thinning exposes uvea
- normal for infants
- asymptomatics
- Can be indicative of Osteogenesis imperfecta, melanosis, nevus of Ota
Describe Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Main signs: blue sclera, deafness and bone fractures
Describe melanosis oculi
- congenital bilateral hyperpigmentation of conjunctiva, episclera, sclera, uvea & choroid
Describe nevus of Ota (Oculodermal melanocytosis)
- pigmentation of periorbital skin
- blue/purple
- distribution along CN V opthalmic and maxillary
- unilateral and congenital
- malignant degeneration
Describe Senile hyaline plaque
- localized non-inflammatory thinning
- translucent, grey, flat, oval patch
- anterior to insertion of medial and lateral rectus
- older patients > 50 years old
- symptomless and benign
- Monitor
Describe Icterus/Jaundice
- yellow pigmentation of sclera or skin due to high concentration of blilirubin in blood
You have a patient that presents with bluish cuffs and an axonfeld’s loop (anterior ciliary nerves). What is the congenital anomoly?
A. Pigment cuffs B. Osteogenesis Imperfecta C. Melanosis Oculi D. Nevus of Ota E. Senile Hyaline Plaque
A. Pigment cuffs
You have a patient that presents with blue sclera, deafness and bone fractures. What is the congenital anomoly?
A. Pigment cuffs B. Osteogenesis Imperfecta C. Melanosis Oculi D. Nevus of Ota (Oculodermal melanocytosis) E. Senile Hyaline Plaque
B. Osteogenesis Imperfecta
You have a patient that presents with bilateral hyperpigmentation of conjunctiva, episclera, sclera, uvea and choroid What is the congenital anomoly?
A. Pigment cuffs B. Osteogenesis Imperfecta C. Melanosis Oculi D. Nevus of Ota (Oculodermal melanocytosis) E. Senile Hyaline Plaque
C. Melanosis Oculi
You have a patient that presents with unilateral bluish pigmentation along lid and lid margin. What is the congenital anomoly?
A. Pigment cuffs B. Osteogenesis Imperfecta C. Melanosis Oculi D. Nevus of Ota (Oculodermal melanocytosis) E. Senile Hyaline Plaque
D. Nevus of Ota (Oculodermal melanocytosis)
You have a 50 year old patient that presents with translucent, grey, flat oval patch that is symptomless and benign. What is the congenital anomoly?
A. Pigment cuffs B. Osteogenesis Imperfecta C. Melanosis Oculi D. Nevus of Ota (Oculodermal melanocytosis) E. Senile Hyaline Plaque
E. Senile Hyaline Plaque
What are the associations and treatment of Scleral perforations?
- conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, intraocular heme, decreased IOP, hemosiderosis
- Immediate hospitalization, Fox shield
What test would be least appropriate for scleral preforation?
A. Gonio B. DFE C. B-scan D. CT scan E. MRI
E. MRI
