Congenital and perinatal infections Flashcards
Which are the pathogens that must been screened antenatally?
Hep B, HIV, Rubella, Syphilis
Which are the pathogens that SHOULD NOT screened antenatally?
CMV, HSV, Hep C, Toxoplasma
Which is the pathogen that is screened for if there is a rubella rash (other than rubella)?
Parvovirus B19
Which is the pathogen we screen for at week 35 of pregnancy?
Group B strep (via vaginal swab)
What are the pathogens that can cause congenital infections
Rubella, Treponema pallidum, CMV, Toxoplasma gondii, B19
What are the pathogens that can cause perinatal infections
Varicella, HIV, Group B Strep, HSV, Hep B, Enterovirus
What is the clinical syndrome of Rubella and Treponema pallidum as congenital infections?
Rubella: Congenital rubella, associated with heart defects, microcephaly and microphthalmia
T. pallidum: Syphilis - multi-organ involvement, stillbirth, birth defects
What is the clinical syndrome of CMV, Toxoplasma and B19 as congenital infections?
CMV: Congenital CMV, associated with hearing loss and vision problems
Toxoplasma: Congenital toxoplasmosis, microcephaly, hepatosplenomegaly and vision loss
B19: Hydrops fetalis (severe fetal anaemia)
How can rubella be prevented?
MMR vaccine. If mother gets rubella in 1st trimester, ABORT!
How can syphilis be prevented/treated?
Treat the mother with penicillin if she is found to have Treponema pallidum
How can toxoplasmosis be prevented/treated?
Avoid undercooked meat, contact with cat faeces. Risk only in <2 weeks kittens.
Treatment: Spiramycin and sulfa drugs
What is the clinical syndrome of Group B strep?
Neonatal sepsis and meningitis
What is the clinical syndrome of Hep B?
Fulminant hepatitis (SUDDEN liver failure) and/or chronic hepatitis
What is the clinical syndrome of HSV?
Encephalitis
How can Group B strep be prevented/treated?
Intrapartum (in btwn labour to delivery) penicillin
Ampicillin to carriers
Identify GBS carriers by screening at 35 weeks
