conformity, compliance, and obedience Flashcards
define conformity
to conform to others
what is the most pressurized form of getting someone to do something?
obedience
what is the medicore form of getting someone to do something?
compliance
social influence
how people’s presence is affecting us.
this is done at unconscious level.
why does social influencing occur?
- this facilitates social interactions –> people are more likely to mimic when they want to belong.
- related to mood –> mood contagion - the speaker’s mood was contagious for the participant.
when all members of a group give an incorrect response to an easy questions, most people most of the time conform with that response.
no, only usually true for difficult questions.
conformity
to change our perceptions, opinions, or behavior in way that are consistent with group norms. sometimes we do this without even second thoughts and it is done unconsciously.
serif’s autokinetic effect
was to test conformity.
this was an ambiguous test where a light was moved around creating an optical illusion and the distance wa asked. most of the time people conform to the answers of the confederate. there answers started to converge later on with the confederate. each group had formed a norm on ho wfar the dot was moving. 90% of the people conform.
because of the ambiguity people turned to each other for answer.
Ash’s line judgement
line comparison by one subject while in a group of confederates.
easier and clear cut task that he thought people do not need to conform to.
the order of the seating was controlled for.
participants went along 37 %of the time even when they clearly knew they were incorrect.
participants found themselves in an akward position and hence conformed.
information inlfuence and normative influence
informational: people conform because they believe that the other person is correct, believe that they know something that you do not know. during ambiguous or difficult task.
this leads to private conformity –> person privatly accepts the position taken by others.
serif’s auto kinetic effect.
normative influence: people conform because they fear the negative social consequence. this is during clear cut situation.
public confomity –> superficial chnage in overt behaviour.
ash’s line judgement
people also conform on task when they had to percieve things.
when they went along with answers of confederate, there was hightened response to areas that are associated with spatial awarness meaning they started to question there answer.
does confomrity go up on difficult task?
yes, on difficult task we use other people as a soruce of information and on easy task we do not conform.
as the numebr of people in a group increase, so do their impact on an indivudal
false, only true to a certain point. when there is about 3 to 4 people around us conformity rate will increase, after that it will drop.
factors that majority group nfluence on conformity:
group size: conformity increases with group size but only till 3 to 4 ppl.
awarness of norms: conform only when we know about and focus on social norms
having an ally in dissent will decrease conformity.
sex differnces: if not familiar with topics on other gender then conformity increases.
law of diminishing effect
stop having impact as you add more poeple. this was seen in asch’s expriemnt.
pluralistic ignorance
majority of group members privately reject a norm but go along with it because they incorrectly assume that most others accept it as well.
how does minority grouo get others to conform
- through the power of there style
moscovici
nonconformist derive power from the style of their behavior. this is the consistent dissent approach. in order to get authority, they need to be aggressive but still need to be adaptive and flexible.
hollander
miniorities influence by first accumulating idosyncrasy credits –> first conform and then dissent.
compliance
change in behavior as the result of direct request. it is a part of a subtle manipulation.
norm of reciprcoity
if someone helped us, we are also likely to help them. this is persuasiveness and powerful, we feel obligated to repay the same size of gift. however, this is short lived.
in the door technique
person begins by asking something small hence making them feel good about themselves (self-perception theory) and then asking for something bigger. small to big
low balling
asking to make a commitment and the revealing the hidden cost. effective when done in public and by the same person. small to big
Door in the face.
asking for something bigger that will get rejected and then asking for something small.
perceptual contrast –> the second request is reasonable comapre to the first one.
recipriocal concession –> we feel pressured to change our desicion because they did to. big to small
that is not all technique
person begins with a somewhat inflated request, then immediately decrease the apparent size of the request by offering a discount or bonus. big to small.
obedience
behaviour change produced by commands of authority
this is because as kids we are basicually taught to never question authority. greatly infulenced by symbols of authority.
Stanley milligram’s video
what were the three things that were used in this study
people went past 135v shock to give to people. this was affected because there was physical presence and apparent legitimacy of the authority figure.
the victim proximity was not seen and they were seperated from the participant.
the experimental procedure: were made believe that they will not be responsible for the participants welfare and hence gradual escalation was used.
