CONFORMITY AND DEVIENCE Flashcards
is the act of matching attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors to group norms
CONFORMITY
are implicit, specific rules, shared by a group of individuals, that guide their interactions with others
NORMS
this tendency to conform occurs in small groups and/or society as a whole, and may result from subtle unconscious influences, or direct and overt social pressure
CONFORMITY
may have a negative connotation, the violation of social norms is not always a negative action
DEVIANCE
describes an action or behavior that violates social norms
DEVIANCE
behavior in accordance with socially accepted conventions or standards
CONFORMITY
the anticipated behavior to follow
CONFORMITY
is the desire to go along with the norms of a group of people, so you will be accepted as an in-group person
CONFORMITY
departing from usual or accepted standards, especially in social or sexual behavior
DEVIANCE
a behavior that violates expected rules and norms
DEVIANCE
Variety of Deviance
- The study of why people violates laws or norms
- The study of how society reacts to this violates
was an italian criminologist and physician, founder of the Italian school of Positivist criminology
CESARE LOMBROSO
often referred to as the father of criminology
CESARE LOMBROSO
offered a “side-by-side” formulation of conformity and deviance
ROBERT MERTON
he developed the structural strain theory
ROBERT MERTON
refers to the discrepancies between culturally defined goals and the institutionalized means available to achieve these goals
STRAIN
this theory traces the origins of deviance to the tensions that are caused by the gap between cultural goals and the means people have available to achieve those goals
STRAIN
establishes goals for people
CULTURE
provides (or fails to provide) the means for the people to achieve those goals
SOCIAL STRUCTURE
5 general categories
- Conformity
- Innovation
- Ritualism
- Retreatism
- Rebellion
accepts approved goals, pursues them through approved means
CONFORMITY
accepts approved goals; uses disapproved means
INNOVATION
abandons society’s goals; conforms to approved means
RITUALISM
abandons approved goals and approved means
RETREATISM
challenges approved goals and approved means
REBELLION
a person who conforms to accepted behavior or established practices
CONFORMISTS
a person who do not believe in the established cultural goals of society, but they do believe in and abide by the means for attaining those goals
RITUALIST
are those individuals that accept the cultural goals of society
INNOVATORS
who reject both the cultural goals and the accepted means of attaining those goals
RETREATIST
they are not only reject both the established cultural goals and the accepted means of attaining those goals
REBELS
they substitute new goals and new means of attaining these goals
REBELS
explains why people’s behavior clashes with social norms
LABELING THEORY
holds that deviance is not inherent to an act, but instead focuses on the tendency of majorities
LABELING THEORY
holds that deviance is not inherent to an act, but instead the results of the externally-imposed label of “deviant”
LABELING THEORY
takes the view that people become criminals when labeled as such and when they accept the label as a personal identity
LABELING THEORY
developed by Travis Hirschi
SOCIAL CONTROL THEORY
according to this theory, people care about what others think of them and conform to social expectations
SOCIAL CONTROL THEORY
this thoery also suggests that most people probably feel some impulse towards deviant behavior
SOCIAL CONTROL THEORY
