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Social Influence > Conformity > Flashcards

Conformity Flashcards

1
Q

Compliance

A

When someone changes their public behaviour but not private beliefs in order to be liked (fit in and avoid social rejection) - temporary, non-ambiguous and NSI

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2
Q

Identification

A

When an individual changes their public behaviour and private beliefs in the presence of a group in order to be liked - temporary, non-ambiguous and NSI

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3
Q

Internalisation

A

When an individual changed their public behaviour and private beliefs because they think the belief is right - ambiguous, permanent and ISI

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4
Q

Normative social influence

A

When a person conforms in order to be liked and fit in with a group
-based on a need to be liked
-short term
-leads to identification and compliance
-non-ambiguous situation

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5
Q

Informational social influence

A

When a person conforms because they want to gain knowledge ornthey believe someone is right
-based on the need to be right
-long term
-leads to internalisation
-ambigous

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6
Q

Evaluation of the types of conformity

A

Strengths:
Empirical evidence supports that people conform to be right and liked
Limitations:
Deutsch and Gerard: two process model as an explanation for conformity may not be a complete explanation for why people conform

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7
Q

Evaluation of Asch

A

Strengths:
-Lab study so highly controlled and standardised procedure carried out
-supportive evidence from Lucas et al (2006)
Limitations:
-Lacks temporal validity (Perrins and Spencer 1980) done during cold war
-demand characteristics
-lacks population validity
-artificial there was no reason not to conform

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8
Q

Variables affecting conformity

A
  • group size
  • unanimity
  • task difficulty
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9
Q

Group size - results

A
  • 1 confederate: 3% conformed
  • 2 confederates: 12.8% conformed
  • 3 confederates: 32% conformed
    Didn’t change after 3 confederates were added
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10
Q

Unanimity - results

A

When a dissenter was added conformity dropped to 5.5% regardless if they were right or wrong

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11
Q

Task difficulty - results

A

Conformity increased when the comparison lines became closer in length - ppts looked to others for guidance

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12
Q

Social roles

A

A pattern of behaviour expected of a person in a given setting or group

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13
Q

Zimbardo (1973)

A

Conducted an extremely controversial study on conformity to social roles - Stanford prison experiment

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14
Q

Explanations for obedience

A

Agentic state & legitimacy of authority

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15
Q

Agentic state

A

A state of mind where the individual believes they don’t have responsibility for their behaviour as they are an agent of authority

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16
Q

Legitimacy of authority

A

Learnt through socialisation and is usually shown through uniform or setting

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17
Q

Situational variables affecting obedience

A

Proximity, location and the power of uniform

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18
Q

Obedience

A

A direct response to an order from another person

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19
Q

Proximity

A

Teacher and learner in the same room: 40% obedience
Teacher instructs learner over phone: 20.5% obedience

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20
Q

Location

A

Yale university - 65% obedience
Run down office building: 47.5% obedience

21
Q

Milgram (1961)

A

To investigate if ordinary people would obey unjust orders from an authority figure to inflict pain on an innocent person

22
Q

Uniform

A

White lab coat: 65% obedience
Normal everyday clothes: 20% obedience

23
Q

Dispositional

A

Internal factors that contribute to obedience

24
Q

Authoritarian personality - dispositional

A

Adorno (1950) - result of harsh parenting creating resentment and hostility in the child which cannot be expressed. These fears are displaced onto others who are perceived as weaker (scapegoating)

25
Q

Explanations of resistance to social influence

A

Willingness to resist social influence: social support and locus of control

26
Q

Social support

A

If someone has an ally it builds confidence and allows the individual to remain independant

27
Q

Locus of control (Rotter 1996)

A

The extent to which people believe they have control over their life

28
Q

Internal LOC

A

What happens in their life is a result of their own behaviour - often independent and resist conformity

29
Q

External LOC

A

When an individual believes the events in their life are a result of external factors - more likely to conform and less independent

30
Q

Minority influence

A

When a minority changes the belief of a majority

31
Q

Consistency

A

Minority influence is more likely to occur when the minority share the same the same belief and maintain it across time

32
Q

Commitment

A

Engaging in risky (dangerous) behaviour and acts in order to draw attention to their views

33
Q

Flexibility

A

Minority influence is more likely to occur when the minority if willing to compromise to avoid being viewed as dogmatic

34
Q

Social change

A

Influencing an entire society to change their attitude, belief and behaviours

35
Q

Moscavichi (1969)

A

To see if a consistent minority could influence a majority to give the incorrect answer in a line perception task

36
Q

F - scale (Adorno)

A

Measure of authoritarian personality (facism scale)

37
Q

Snowball effect

A

Minorities changing the majority views is a slow process. However the process speeds up as more of the majority convert

38
Q

Socio-crypto amnesia

A

Minority view becomes a norm in society and the sacrifices made by the minority get forgotten

39
Q

How can social change be achieved

A

-drawing attention
- concictency
- deeper processing
- augmentation principle
- snowball effect
- social crypto-amnesia

40
Q

Drawing attention

A

Group has done something to alert the majority to their cause e.g protests, adverts, leaflet drops

41
Q

Consistency

A

Group must present a consistent image - clear about what they want and will repeat the same message

42
Q

Deeper processing

A

Majority starts to accept the viewpoint of the group more deeply, starting to doubt their own understanding and previously help views

43
Q

Augmented principle

A

People are willing to make sacrifices for the group - makes them more persuasive so will gain more intrest and support

44
Q

Snowball effect

A

As the majority engages in more deeper processing and augmentation more people join the cause and the change gets quicker

45
Q

Social crypto amnesia

A

Society adopts the new social norm and there is an element of forgetting that the norms were any different

46
Q

Authoritarian submission

A

An uncritical attitude towards authorities

47
Q

Authoritarian submission

A

An uncritical attitude towards authorities

48
Q

Power and Toughness

A

Preoccupation with dominance-submission, identification with power figures

Social Influence (2 decks)

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