conflict perspectives

Question 1

false class consciousness

Answer 1

believing that you have more money than you do and more knowledge of class’s then you do

Question 2

marxist basics

Answer 2

overiding principle: everything does not function well together
there is conflict due to capitalism which leads to inequalities between different social class groups

Question 3

modernist

Answer 3

based on work of karl marx
neo marxists continued tradition but provided a distinctive socialist approach

Question 4

structuralist

Answer 4

argue that society shapes individual
people are puppets of society
must study institutions to understand people

Question 5

conflict

Answer 5

disagreement on how society is run
marxism - exploitation of working class

Question 6

the conflict

Answer 6

2 distinct power positions
ruling class vs working class
marxism is about pointing out and studying effects of social class inequities due to capitalism

Question 7

bourgeoisie

Answer 7

dominant ruling class

Question 8

proletariat

Answer 8

exploited working class

Question 9

karl marx

Answer 9

at heart of all conflict is production
rich got greedy and wanted land and means of production for their own financial gains
saw opportunity to increase their wealth at costs of others
create two classes of people

Question 10

economic base (infrastructure) and superstructure

Answer 10

superstructure - divide between rich and poor, what rich have and don’t have
marx believed economy determined nature of social institutions
economic base/ infrastructure determined everything else in society
means of production = producer goods

Question 11

relations of production

Answer 11

relationships to people involved in production

Question 12

capitalism

Answer 12

most extreme form of alienation

Question 13

‘religion is the opium of the masses’

Answer 13

• karl marx
  opium makes others lose their mind and act crazy

Question 14

max weber

Answer 14

thinks bourgeoise not only own production but also power
bourgeoisie makes rules that suit their own lifestyles
people are not puppets of society
shows how people differ in their opportunities
higher someone’s social class at birth, the more likely they are to achieve well

Question 15

louis althusser

Answer 15

idealogical state apparatus
working class surrounded by middle class ideology

Question 16

ideological state apparatus (ISA)

Answer 16

social institutions portray capitalist values
emphasise idea that middle class values are best, whilst working class values are bad for society

Question 17

repressive state apparatus (RSA)

Answer 17

police, army and law act to maintain unfair system and ensure everyone conforms

Question 18

marxist theory - revolution

Answer 18

proletariat would realise exploitation and inequalities it produced a class consciousness
two separate groups in opposition
proletariat would join together against bourgeoisie through strikes
lead to a revolution and communism

Question 19

dominant ideology

Answer 19

shared interests which serve to justify interests of dominant groups

Question 20

life chances

Answer 20

social science theory of opportunities each individual has to improve their quality of life

Question 21

social class

Answer 21

division of society based on social and economic status

Question 22

class conflict

Answer 22

conflict between different classes in community resulting from different social and economic positions

Question 23

alienation

Answer 23

having no connection with people around you/ not part of a group

Question 24

pierre bourdieu

Answer 24

french sociologist famous for his ideas of middle class privilege
argued that middle classes have access to three main forms of capital

Question 25

3 forms of capital

Answer 25

cultural capital
social capital
economic capital

Question 26

feminist theory

Answer 26

conflict, exploitation and abuse are due to patriarchy leading inequalities between genders

Question 27

modern - post modern feminism

Answer 27

began in mid 19th century
based on work of early females who fought for their rights
progresses with waves (periods of intense activity)

Question 28

structuralist feminism

Answer 28

macro approach
sociology must perform large scale studies and change institutions to achieve gender equality

Question 29

conflict feminism

Answer 29

disagreement
based on belief that society is based on exploitation of women by men (patriarchy)

Question 30

radical feminism

Answer 30

propose complete destruction of patriarchy, women should begin to free themselves from oppression

Question 31

liberal feminism

Answer 31

reducing affects of women’s subordination
not as forceful as radical feminists

Question 32

marxist feminism

Answer 32

argue gender equality arises from nature of capitalist society not from independent system of patriarchy

Question 33

intersectionality

Answer 33

result of concerns that early feminist theories ignored different experiences of patriarchal subordination found within minority groups

Question 34

preference theory

Answer 34

explains variation in women’s behaviour in paid employment

Question 35

1st wave

Answer 35

focuses on women’s fight for vote by peachy suffragettes (millicent faucet) and militant suffragettes (emily pankurst)

Question 36

2nd wave

Answer 36

women has more than proven their worth after both world wars
argued that beauty ideals objectified and held women back

Question 37

3rd wave

Answer 37

feminism should be for everyone
exercising power to choose

Question 38

4th wave

Answer 38

most inclusive of all waves
holds others to account and explores how patriarchal oppression is damaging to men

Question 39

social construct

Answer 39

something that is not fixed and universal, it is a social construction because it is created by society thus changeable

Question 40

culture

Answer 40

refers to the whole way of life of a society
involves shared beliefs, values, norms and customs

Question 41

walby’s 6 structures of patriarchy

Answer 41

household
paid work
the state
sexuality
male violence
cultural institutions

Question 42

5 features of social action theories

Answer 42

micro scale
interactions
understanding self
focus on individual
symbols

Question 43

5 features of post modernism theories

Answer 43

diversity
choice
risk/insecurity
globalisation
media saturation