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GCSE RE > Conflict & Argument > Flashcards

Conflict & Argument Flashcards

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1
Q

Define “the law”

A

The collection of laws handed down by God and collected in the Torah.

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2
Q

Define “sinners”

A

Those who did not follow all the Jewish laws.

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3
Q

Define “Pharisees”

A

A religious group whose aim was to keep the traditional Jewish faith alive.

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4
Q

Define “Sabbath”

A

The Jewish day of rest on the seventh day of the week.

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5
Q

Define “Ritual cleanliness”

A

The Jewish laws on food and washing which prevented anything unclean entering the body.

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6
Q

Define “Corban”

A

A gift dedicated by God which meant it could not be used for anything else.

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7
Q

Define “Passion”

A

The sufferings of Jesus, especially in the time leading up to his crucifixion.

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8
Q

Define “palm Sunday”

A

The Sunday before Good Friday when Jesus entered Jerusalem on a donkey.

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9
Q

Define “the temple”

A

The building in Jerusalem where sacrifices were made.

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10
Q

Define “scribes”

A

Jewish lawyers; originally men who made copies of the Torah.

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11
Q

Define “Sadducees”

A

A group of priests who controlled the Temple and collaborated with the Romans.

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12
Q

Define “fasting”

A

Going without food on certain days as a sign of devotion to God.

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13
Q

Summarise “Jesus heals a paralysed man”.

A
  1. Jews at the time believed that disease/illness was caused by demons, sin and punishment by God.
  2. This is why Jesus connects the man’s cure to the forgiveness of sin – Jesus tries to get the Jews to understand him.
  3. The Jews believed that only God could forgive sin, so Jesus has authority from God.
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14
Q

Why did “Jesus heals a paralysed man” cause conflict?

A
  1. The teachers of the law thought that by claiming to forgive sins, Jesus was committing blasphemy.
  2. This was because he was claiming to have power that belonged to God.
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15
Q

How is “Jesus heals a paralysed man” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Christians can see that their sins can be forgiven through Jesus.
  2. In the story of Jesus sending out the Twelve Disciples, Jesus gave authority to forgive sins. Many believers believe that that authority and power remains with the Church. Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox priests have authority to hear people’s confessions. Having heard the confession the priest can forgive the person.
  3. Believers also believe that Jesus still has the power to heal people and they pray for this to happen.
  4. Also many believers believe that the Church has the same authority to heal people. And there are many examples of people being healed.
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16
Q

Do priests have the right to forgive a person’s sins? Why do you agree?

A
  1. In the Sending out of the Twelve, Jesus gave the disciples the authority to forgive sins. Many people think that this authority remains within the Church and so priests can forgive sins.
  2. If sin is linked to sickness, there are many examples of people being healed within the Church. This means that they have the authority to forgive sin.
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17
Q

Do priests have the right to forgive a person’s sins? Why do you disagree?

A
  1. Only God has the power to forgive sins.

2. Jesus could forgive sin because he is God and has authority from God. Priests do not have this direct authority.

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18
Q

Summarise “Sabbath corn”.

A
  1. The Sabbath day was holy – no work was allowed to be done.
  2. It was seen that anyone who broke the Sabbath broke God’s covenant.
  3. The Pharisees accused Jesus and his disciples of breaking the Sabbath law.
  4. Jesus referred to the Old Testament hero, King David.
  5. Jesus shows how human need is more important than Sabbath law; men were not made for the Sabbath.
  6. Jesus had the authority to break the Sabbath Law.
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19
Q

How did the story “Sabbath corn” cause conflict?

A
  1. Jesus allowed his disciples to break the Sabbath Law.
  2. Jesus was claiming to be equal to King David, who was a hero for the Jews.
  3. Jesus says that God’s representatives had the authority to break the Sabbath law, that God is allowing Jesus to break the law.
  4. Jesus calls himself the Son of Man, and he says that the “Son of Man is Lord even of the Sabbath”, saying that he has authority from God to break the Law.
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20
Q

How is the story “Sabbath corn” important for Christians today?

A
  1. It is important for different communities to get along today.
  2. Arguments about the Sabbath can be applied today by saying that religious laws should not divide people. Human beings are more important than rituals.
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21
Q

Summarise “Jesus heals a man with a paralysed hand”.

A
  1. When Jesus says “What does our Law allow us to do on the Sabbath? To help or to harm? To save someone’s life or to destroy it?” he means what is the Sabbath law about; rules or regulations or doing good?
  2. Jesus was angry about the Pharisees attitude.
  3. The Pharisees and Herodians began to plot Jesus’ death.
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22
Q

How did the story “Jesus heals a man with a paralysed hand” cause conflict?

A
  1. Jesus didn’t avoid the situation; he deliberately challenged the Pharisees by asking the man to come forward.
  2. Jesus claimed that the Pharisees laws were second to his command.
  3. Jesus put human need above religious laws.
  4. The Pharisees refuse to accept the arrival of the Kingdom.
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23
Q

How is the story “Jesus heals a man with a paralysed hand” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Sometimes Christianity is misunderstood today, partly because not all Christians interpret Jesus’ teachings in the same way.
  2. Many people think that Christians live a strict life like the Pharisees: no divorce, abortion or contraception.
  3. Christians believe that the message of Jesus is that every individual is of value to God and to each other.
  4. Christians relationship with God is based on love. It is not a relationship in which rules are kept because of fear or the belief that such actions will bring reward.
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24
Q

Should Christians keep the Sabbath law today? Why do you agree?

A
  1. The Sabbath Law is one of the Ten Commandments. In the Rich Young Man, Jesus said that the Ten Commandments must be followed.
  2. Jesus has authority over the Sabbath, but Christians do not, so they should obey the laws.
  3. When Jesus says that the “Sabbath was made for man”, it could be interpreted as saying that the Sabbath was made to serve man, and so it is good for man.
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25
Q

Should Christians keep the Sabbath law today? Why do you disagree?

A
  1. God accepts people on the person that they are, not if they keep certain laws. As Jesus said in the Meaning of the Law, what is really important is what comes out of a person.
  2. Jesus allowed his disciples to break the Sabbath law, so as disciples now, Christians can too.
  3. When Jesus healed the man with the paralysed hand, he said that it is more important to do good on the Sabbath than to obey the law.
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26
Q

Should Sunday be treated differently from other days of the week? Why do you agree?

A
  1. It is believed that Jesus resurrected on Sunday, and so it should be treated differently from the other days of the week and celebrated.
  2. Christians regard Sunday as the equivalent to the Jewish Sabbath, and so it should be kept different from other days to worship God.
27
Q

Should Sunday be treated differently from other days of the week? Why do you disagree?

A
  1. Sunday was not the Sabbath – the Sabbath was celebrated from Friday to Saturday, Jesus did not treat Sunday any differently, so neither should Christians today.
28
Q

Was Jesus right in in allowing his disciples to pick grains from the fields on a Sabbath? Why do you agree?

A
  1. Human need is more important than the Sabbath laws.

2. Jesus said it was right, so this meant that it must be because Jesus is God and God is right.

29
Q

Was Jesus right in in allowing his disciples to pick grains from the fields on a Sabbath? Why do you disagree?

A
  1. By allowing his disciples to pick the grain, Jesus ignited conflict with the Pharisees. He should have avoided conflict.
  2. The Sabbath day should be kept holy, and Jesus did not keep this law. As a Jew, he should have done.
30
Q

Summarise “the meaning of the law”.

A
  1. There were complicated laws about ritual washing before eating.
  2. Jesus says that God doesn’t care about how people wash. What is really important is what comes out of a person.
  3. The Pharisees became so caught up in their laws that they forgot what is really important.
  4. It was seen that Jesus was saying that the Jewish food laws were unnecessary.
31
Q

How did the story “the meaning of the law” cause conflict?

A
  1. It was seen that Jesus was saying that the Jewish food laws were unnecessary.
  2. Jesus wasn’t afraid to challenge the teaching of the ancestors.
  3. He says the Pharisees were wrong.
  4. Jesus calls the Pharisees hypocrites.
32
Q

How is the story “the meaning of the law” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Christians today sometimes deserve criticism for being very observant of Sunday worship but neglecting the needs of their neighbour.
  2. To follow the teaching of Jesus which means being good from the heart demands more than the mere observance of external rules of religious purity.
  3. The reasons why these actions are wrong is the same today as it was at the time of Jesus. They are all things that abuse another person.
  4. Christians believe that their faith is concerned with the value of human dignity and the worth of every human relationship.
  5. It has nothing to do with those things that use or abuse another person for one’s own desire, profit or greed. Such things are wrong because they separate people from God and from each other.
  6. Every human being should be treated with respect.
  7. Christians should follow God’s laws not because they want to, but out of love and devotion to God.
33
Q

Should the lives of Christians today be governed by Old Testament rules and traditions? Why do you agree?

A
  1. The rules and traditions in the Old Testament come from God, and so they should be followed.
  2. Jesus was the Son of God, and so he had authority over the Sabbath. Normal people do not have this authority.
34
Q

Should the lives of Christians today be governed by Old Testament rules and traditions? Why do you disagree?

A
  1. Jesus’ sacrifice on the cross meant that the Jewish laws of sacrifice for the forgiveness of sins don’t need to be followed.
  2. Jesus said that it is more important to do good than to follow the Sabbath laws.
35
Q

How has the story “the meaning of the law” impacted social and community cohesion, both today and in Jesus’ time?

A
  1. Today there are generally good relations between Jews and Christians but in the time of Mark there was not the same acceptance of other people’s views.
  2. The Christians in Rome, many of whom were Gentile converts, didn’t observe the Jewish religious customs any more and there was much disagreement among the early Christians as to whether Jewish practices such as circumcision/keeping food laws should be followed by Gentile/ non-Jewish Christians.
  3. Jesus taught that the spirit of religious observance was important, not the letter of the law. This approach, in a modern setting would allow for greater social cohesion as it might not lead to conflict between groups.
  4. On the other hand keeping strict religious laws eg food laws could mean that religious groups could not come together to eat the same food and which would stress their differences, cause conflict and not lead to social cohesion.
  5. Jesus’ teaching that it was right for good Jews to eat with sinners showed that different groups should respect each other and should respect each other and socialise together.
  6. Jesus’ teaching that it is what is inside you that counts, not the appearance, showed that outer differences such as dress, skin colour, for example, are irrelevant for judging people.
  7. Jesus’ teaching on Corban shows that cultural traditions should not be used to divide people from each other.
  8. Jesus’ teaching that nothing that goes into people from the outside can defile them shows that different ethnic/religious groups can mix together and work together without causing any problems for God.
36
Q

Summarise “predictions of the passion”.

A
  1. Jesus is the Messiah who is going to suffer and die. The predictions of the Passion give a different view of the Messiah to what the Jews and disciples expected. They found it difficult to understand that the Messiah was going to suffer and die.
  2. Jesus’ death is part of God’s plan.
  3. The idea of a resurrection was a new idea at the time.
  4. Jesus hints that someone will betray him when he says he will be “handed over”.
  5. The disciples didn’t understand what the Messiah really was.
  6. Mark says that Jesus was walking in front of his followers; he knows what is going to happen but he shows great courage by striding ahead of them to Jerusalem, to his death.
37
Q

How is the story “predictions of the passion” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Need to remember to follow God’s plan for them – like Jesus did.
  2. Will be given the hope that they too can share in Jesus’ resurrection.
38
Q

Summarise “entry into Jerusalem”.

A
  1. Zechariah had predicted that the Messiah would ride into Jerusalem “Gentle and riding on a donkey”.
  2. The donkey had never been ridden before. This meant that Jesus’ entry was sacred as the donkey had been kept especially for a religious purpose.
  3. It shows what kind of Messiah Jesus was – he was peaceful, not a warrior-king as was expected.
  4. The people who welcomed him recognised him as the Messiah. “Blessed is the coming of our father David.
39
Q

Why did the story “entry into Jerusalem” cause conflict?

A
  1. The religious leaders saw it as a public threat – they had never been welcomed in this way.
  2. They didn’t recognise what kind of Messiah Jesus was.
  3. The Roman authorities saw this as a challenge to their authority in Jerusalem.
40
Q

How is the story “entry into Jerusalem” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Jesus fulfilled prophecies about the Messiah. It shows that he is from God.
  2. Jesus was welcomed as a king, but rode a donkey. He is a role model for both the rich and poor.
  3. Annually celebrate Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem.
  4. Jesus was a Messiah who was going to suffer and die.
  5. Christians may be inspired to follow God’s will for them and have the courage to stand up for what they believe in the way that Jesus does, even if it causes conflict.
41
Q

Summarise the story “Jesus goes into the temple”.

A
  1. The Old Testament prophets Malachi and Zechariah both predicted that the Messiah would go into the Temple to make sure it was only being used for worship – Jesus fulfils this prophecy.
  2. The Court of the Gentiles was for non-Jews. Jesus included them in the Kingdom of God, but they couldn’t even get into their part of the Temple because of the traders.
  3. The traders were using the Temple to make money.
42
Q

How did the story “Jesus goes into the temple” cause conflict?

A
  1. Jesus was speaking against the religious leaders who had allowed this.
  2. Some of the leaders would have thought Jesus was behaving like the Messiah, which was blasphemy.
43
Q

How is the story “Jesus goes into the temple” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Christians might be inspired to stand up for what they believe in like Jesus did.
  2. Christians might have problems with the way Jesus behaved, it might be difficult for them to understand; does he accept violence?
  3. Churches now should be used as a sacred place to worship God.
  4. God welcomes everyone and so should Christians.
  5. Jesus is still human. He has human emotions such as anger.
44
Q

Was Jesus right to cleanse the temple in the way he did? Why do you agree?

A
  1. Jesus could have acted in a more extreme way; he didn’t physically harm anyone.
  2. Jesus was acting in a way he believed acceptable, and as Jesus was a man in all things but sin, he couldn’t do wrong.
  3. The Temple was being misused.
  4. Jesus was grabbing the attention of people, saying it was not right.
  5. The Temple had to be restored so that the Gentiles were able to worship God.
45
Q

Was Jesus right to cleanse the temple in the way he did? Why do you disagree?

A
  1. Jesus had no authority to do what he did; it was not his job.
  2. He should have avoided conflict; it was bound to cause problems.
  3. The traders were providing people with sacrifices.
  4. Jesus was taking away their living. That was how they made money.
46
Q

Summarise the story “the question about Jesus’ authority”.

A
  1. The Pharisees try to catch Jesus out and have him say that God gave him authority. If Jesus says this, they can arrest him for blasphemy.
  2. If Jesus says he has his own authority, they could arrest him as a mad man.
  3. Jesus tricks them by asking where John’s authority came from.
  4. If the Pharisees say that John had authority from God, Jesus would ask why they didn’t believe John and killed him.
  5. If the Pharisees say from man, the people might riot.
47
Q

How did the story “the question about Jesus’ authority” cause conflict?

A
  1. Jesus made fools of the religious leaders in public.

2. The Pharisees didn’t see that Jesus had authority from God.

48
Q

How is the story “the question about Jesus’ authority” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Jesus’ authority came from God.
  2. Should stand up to the authorities if they believe that they are wrong and going against God.
  3. Jesus uses words, not violence to thwart the authorities.
49
Q

Should Christians challenge the government if a decision they make goes against biblical teaching? Why do you agree?

A
  1. Jesus stood up to the authorities because he believed that they were wrong, so Christians today can follow this example.
  2. Jesus did it, so it can’t be wrong.
50
Q

Should Christians challenge the government if a decision they make goes against biblical teaching? Why do you disagree?

A
  1. It is not right to disobey the law.

2. Christians could run the risk of being imprisoned or fine if they break the law.

51
Q

Summarise “the question about paying taxes”.

A
  1. If he says ‘Yes, pay the tax’ people will stop following him – no Messiah would say ‘yes’ and support Roman taxes.
  2. If he says ‘No, don’t pay’, Romans could arrest Jesus as a traitor.
  3. Jesus says “Give to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and to God what belongs to God”.
  4. The coins had Caesar’s head on them, so they belonged to him already. The Jews were just giving it back.
  5. They owed God much more than what they owed Caesar. Caesar’s kingdom would pass, but God’s would not.
52
Q

How did the story “the question about paying taxes’ cause conflict?

A
  1. Jesus tricks the religious leaders in front of the people, making them look like fools.
  2. Jesus was clever by avoiding physical conflict with both the Jewish authorities and the Roman authorities.
53
Q

How is the story “the question about paying taxes” important for Christians today?

A
  1. This passage has been used to support the idea that Christians must obey the state, but must also always obey God.
  2. There have been tensions between Church and State throughout history.
  3. Most Christians today would accept that the Church and State must exist side by side.
  4. The state has the right to make demands on Christians in such matters as taxes, but has no right to make demands that are contrary to the consciences of Christians.
  5. If there is a conflict between duty to the state and faithfulness to God, Christians would claim that God and his demands must come first.
  6. Some Christians believe that they should not challenge authorities because this is what Jesus meant by rendering to Caesar what is Caesar’s.
  7. Some Christians think that this fits in with what St Paul said about the civil authorities were appointed by God.
  8. Some Christian Churches have taught that Christians should obey the authorities.
54
Q

Should the Church be involved in politics? Why do you agree?

A
  1. They have free speech and their point of view should be heard if they want to give it.
  2. They can speak up for people who would otherwise be ignored.
  3. The Church stands for what is right and wrong. Just because the government says something is right, it doesn’t mean it is. The Church can spread the message of what is right.
55
Q

Should the Church be involved in politics? Why do you disagree?

A
  1. The Church should focus on the things of God and the spiritual needs of people.
  2. The Church isn’t an expert in politics.
  3. The Church should direct only their followers; it shouldn’t tell non-followers how to live.
  4. In the story of Caesar and taxes, Jesus doesn’t get involved in politics, so Christians should follow his example.
56
Q

Summarise “the question about rising from death”.

A
  1. The Sadducees didn’t believe in the Resurrection.
  2. The Sadducees make up the story to try and trick Jesus out – they think it would be easier for Jesus to say that there is no life after death that to decide who the woman is married to.
  3. Life after death is not the same as life on earth, we will be like angels.
  4. In the passage from Exodus, God says “I am”, so although Abraham, Isaac and Jacob are dead, they are still alive.
57
Q

How did the story “the question about rising from death” cause conflict?

A
  1. Jesus insulted the Sadducees when he said they didn’t know the Scriptures.
  2. He took the side of the Pharisees who did believe in life after death.
58
Q

How is the story “the question about rising from death” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Life in heaven will be different from life on earth.
  2. There is life after death.
  3. Resurrection is taught in the Old Testament.
  4. Resurrection happens immediately after death, as Abraham, Isaac and Jacob are alive.
59
Q

Summarise the story “Jesus is anointed at Bethany”.

A
  1. Bodies were anointed before burial, so Jesus’ death was definite.
  2. It proves that Jesus is the Messiah, as Messiah means anointed one.
  3. The anointing of Jesus takes place in the house of Simon the leper.
  4. The woman used a whole jar of perfume to anoint Jesus, showing his value.
60
Q

How did the story “Jesus is anointed at Bethany” cause conflict?

A
  1. Jesus mixes with outcasts and ignores the law.
  2. Jesus treated the woman well, not how it was thought she was supposed to be treated.
  3. This may have been the last straw for Judas as he felt Jesus should not behave this way.
  4. People thought that the woman was wasting money.
61
Q

How is the story “Jesus in anointed at Bethany” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Should accept others as Jesus accepts the woman.

2. Shouldn’t judge or condemn others.

62
Q

Summarise the story “plot to kill Jesus”.

A
  1. The chief priests and teachers of the Law wanted to get rid of Jesus without causing a riot.
  2. Jesus knew he was going to die and the Judas would betray him, and that it would be better if his betrayer had not been born.
  3. Mark blames the Jewish people and Judas for the death of Jesus.
  4. Christians no longer blame the Jews for Jesus’ death.
63
Q

Why did Judas betray Jesus?

A
  1. For the money
  2. Judas had once been a Zealot and was disappointed when Jesus did not turn out to be the sort of Messiah he wanted.
  3. Judas was trying to force Jesus to be the Messiah he expected. If Jesus was arrested the people would hopefully riot to free him and Jesus would lead the Jews against the Romans.
  4. Judas was helping Jesus to have the opportunity to declare that he was the Messiah.
64
Q

Why is the story “plot to kill Jesus” important for Christians today?

A
  1. Jesus knows what is going to happen and who is going to be involved in it. He knows that one of his closest friends will betray him and yet he does not stop him. This is further evidence that Jesus is God’s Son and that his Passion was all part of God’s plan.
  2. Mark shows that even Jesus’ closest followers were not totally sure that they would not betray Him. Peter came close when He denied Him, and most Christians might have something in their lives that makes them uneasy in Jesus’ presence. It is not something to despair about, for those same disciples went on to become the first leaders of the Church. So if they could be uncertain, so can Christians today.

GCSE RE (8 decks)

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