Conflict and tension (1918-1939)

Question 1

How many total British and French casualties were there?

Answer 1

9 million

Question 2

What Impact did the war have on France?

Answer 2

• Land destroyed (fought on their land)
• 9 million French (and British) casualties

Question 3

What impact did the war have on USA?

Answer 3

• 120,000 casualties

Question 4

What impact did the war have on Britain?

Answer 4

• 9 million British (and French) casualties
• Workforce reduced

Question 5

What were the main aims of George Clemenceau?

Answer 5

• Revenge for damage
• Economic benefits
• Rhineland demilitarized
• German army reduced
• Germany crippled (split into smaller countries)
• SARS

Question 6

What were the main aims of Woodrow Wilson?

Answer 6

• 14 Peace Points
• League of Nations
• Self-determination
• Freedom of the Seas

Question 7

What were the main aims of Lloyd-George?

Answer 7

• Economic benefits
• Germany’s battleships
• Germany’s empire
• Caution
• Trade
• Germany’s navy removed
• would advocate for French ideas, allies

Question 8

14 points (name five)

Answer 8

• No secret treaties
• Free access to seas (in peacetime or wartime)
• Free trade
• All to work towards disarmament
• League of Nations to be set up
• Self-determination (+of colonies)
• France to regain Alsace-Lorraine
• German troops to leave Russia

Question 9

When was WWI?
(Just checking you know ;) )

Answer 9

28 July 1914

to

11 November 1918

Question 10

When was WWII?
(I’m sure you know this but :/ )

Answer 10

1 September 1939

to

2 September 1945

Question 11

Why did the Allies find it so hard to reach a compromise at Versailles? [Time constraint]

Answer 11

• Had 12 months to make it
  (short compared to usually)
• Big three pressured by countries that needed money for rebuilding their country

Question 12

Main terms of the TOV

Answer 12

• German navy 15,000 men 1,500 officers 6 battleships
• League of Nations formed (Germany not allowed)
• Anschluss (Germany + Austria) forbidden
• Germany split (Polish Corridor -
  (allowed them access to the sea)
• No tanks submarines or air force
• Article 232 - reparations of £6.billion
• Article 231 - blame
• Danzig made a free city
• Army 100,000 men no conscription
• SAAR (coalmines) mandate for 15 years
• colonies in Africa —> mandates, controlled Brit and Fran
• Rhineland demilitarised

Question 13

What did the Germans call the TOV?

Answer 13

A ‘Diktat’, ‘dictated peace’

Question 14

What did the Germans call the politicians that signed the armistice

Answer 14

‘November criminals’

(thought they agreed to ceasefire not surrender)

were a new government

Question 15

Why the TOV was fair

Answer 15

• Normal for losers to be punished
  (e.g. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk - 1/4 of Russian farmland and pop lost. after WW1)
• Europe falling apart, under pressure
• WW1 most devastating war, only right

Question 16

Why TOV unfair

Answer 16

• Thought it was based on 14 points
• Full blame, though Germany + Britain —-> arms race
• 6 million Germans outside Germany
• lost 13% of its land and Germans forced to give generational land away

Question 17

When was the Treaty of Saint Germain signed?

Answer 17

1919

Question 18

Which country got the Treaty of Saint Germain?

Answer 18

Austria

Question 19

When was the Treaty of Neuilly signed?

Answer 19

1919

Question 19

Which country got the Treaty of Neuilly?

Answer 19

Bulgaria

Question 20

When was the Treaty of Trianon signed?

Answer 20

1920

Question 21

Which country got the Treaty of Trianon?

Answer 21

Hungary

Question 22

When was the Treaty of Sevres signed?

Answer 22

1920

Question 23

Which country got the Treaty of Sevres?

Answer 23

Turkey

Question 24

When was the Treaty of Lausanne signed?

Answer 24

1923

Question 25

Which country got the Treaty of Lausanne?

Answer 25

Turkey

Question 26

What were the terms of the Treaty of Saint Germain?

Answer 26

- lost land to Italy + Romania - Land taken to create Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia an Poland - Told do pay reparations but never happened - 30,000 in the army - No conscription No navy - No Anschluss

Question 27

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Saint Germain?

Answer 27

- Loss of czecho- led to their economy collapsing 1921 - Italians felt not given enough land - New states formed out of the Austro-Hungarian Empire clashed - Eastern Europe now loads of small states

Question 28

What were the terms of the Treaty of Neuilly?

Answer 28

- Lost land to Yugoslavia, Greece and Romania - Gained land from Turkey - £100 million reparations - 20, 000 in army - No conscription no airforce 4 battleships

Question 29

What were the impact of the Treaty of Neuilly?

Answer 29

- Humiliated by army limiations - Lost valuable land

Question 30

What were the terms of the Treaty of Trianon?

Answer 30

- Lost land to Romania, czecho-, Yugo- and Austria - Reparations never fixed, economy collapsed - 30,000 in army No conscription Three patrol boats

Question 31

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Trianon?

Answer 31

- Humilation of limited army - Lost valuable land

Question 31

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Trianon?

Answer 31

- Humilation of limited army - Lost valuable land

Question 32

What were the terms of the Treaty of Sevres?

Answer 32

- Lost most land in Europe, Ottoman Empire split up - 50,000 in army - No conscription 3 patrol boats - Allies allowed to keep troops in Turkey - Had to share Dardanelles and Bosphorus Straits, connected to Black Sea

Question 33

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Sevres?

Answer 33

People overthrew govt in anger New pres threatened to fight the Allies so there was a new treaty (proved the allies weren't all that)

Question 34

What were the terms of the Treaty of Lausanne?

Answer 34

- Regained control of Bosphorus Straits and Dardanelles - Got to decide army size - Reparations cancelled - Allied troops withdrawn

Question 35

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Lausanne?

Answer 35

- suggested first treaty was unfair -Treaties unenforcable - Proved to Hitler + Mussolini that they could break international law ez

Question 36

What were the aims of the LON?

Answer 36

- Stop war breaking out - Encourage disarmament - Improve working conditions - Tackle deadly diseases

Question 37

LON strengths