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History (AQA) > Conflict and tension (1918-1939) > Flashcards

Conflict and tension (1918-1939) Flashcards

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1
Q

How many total British and French casualties were there?

A

9 million

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2
Q

What Impact did the war have on France?

A
  • Land destroyed (fought on their land)
  • 9 million French (and British) casualties
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3
Q

What impact did the war have on USA?

A
  • 120,000 casualties
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4
Q

What impact did the war have on Britain?

A
  • 9 million British (and French) casualties
  • Workforce reduced
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5
Q

What were the main aims of George Clemenceau?

A
  • Revenge for damage
  • Economic benefits
  • Rhineland demilitarized
  • German army reduced
  • Germany crippled (split into smaller countries)
  • SARS
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6
Q

What were the main aims of Woodrow Wilson?

A
  • 14 Peace Points
  • League of Nations
  • Self-determination
  • Freedom of the Seas
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7
Q

What were the main aims of Lloyd-George?

A
  • Economic benefits
  • Germany’s battleships
  • Germany’s empire
  • Caution
  • Trade
  • Germany’s navy removed
  • would advocate for French ideas, allies
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8
Q

14 points (name five)

A
  • No secret treaties
  • Free access to seas (in peacetime or wartime)
  • Free trade
  • All to work towards disarmament
  • League of Nations to be set up
  • Self-determination (+of colonies)
  • France to regain Alsace-Lorraine
  • German troops to leave Russia
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9
Q

When was WWI?
(Just checking you know ;) )

A

28 July 1914

to

11 November 1918

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10
Q

When was WWII?
(I’m sure you know this but :/ )

A

1 September 1939

to

2 September 1945

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11
Q

Why did the Allies find it so hard to reach a compromise at Versailles? [Time constraint]

A
  • Had 12 months to make it
    (short compared to usually)
  • Big three pressured by countries that needed money for rebuilding their country
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12
Q

Main terms of the TOV

A
  • German navy 15,000 men 1,500 officers 6 battleships
  • League of Nations formed (Germany not allowed)
  • Anschluss (Germany + Austria) forbidden
  • Germany split (Polish Corridor -
    (allowed them access to the sea)
  • No tanks submarines or air force
  • Article 232 - reparations of £6.billion
  • Article 231 - blame
  • Danzig made a free city
  • Army 100,000 men no conscription
  • SAAR (coalmines) mandate for 15 years
  • colonies in Africa —> mandates, controlled Brit and Fran
  • Rhineland demilitarised
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13
Q

What did the Germans call the TOV?

A

A ‘Diktat’, ‘dictated peace’

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14
Q

What did the Germans call the politicians that signed the armistice

A

‘November criminals’

(thought they agreed to ceasefire not surrender)

were a new government

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15
Q

Why the TOV was fair

A
  • Normal for losers to be punished
    (e.g. Treaty of Brest-Litovsk - 1/4 of Russian farmland and pop lost. after WW1)
  • Europe falling apart, under pressure
  • WW1 most devastating war, only right
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16
Q

Why TOV unfair

A
  • Thought it was based on 14 points
  • Full blame, though Germany + Britain —-> arms race
  • 6 million Germans outside Germany
  • lost 13% of its land and Germans forced to give generational land away
17
Q

When was the Treaty of Saint Germain signed?

A

1919

18
Q

Which country got the Treaty of Saint Germain?

A

Austria

19
Q

When was the Treaty of Neuilly signed?

A

1919

19
Q

Which country got the Treaty of Neuilly?

A

Bulgaria

20
Q

When was the Treaty of Trianon signed?

A

1920

21
Q

Which country got the Treaty of Trianon?

A

Hungary

22
Q

When was the Treaty of Sevres signed?

A

1920

23
Q

Which country got the Treaty of Sevres?

A

Turkey

24
Q

When was the Treaty of Lausanne signed?

A

1923

25
Q

Which country got the Treaty of Lausanne?

A

Turkey

26
Q

What were the terms of the Treaty of Saint Germain?

A
  • lost land to Italy + Romania
  • Land taken to create Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia an Poland
  • Told do pay reparations but never happened
  • 30,000 in the army
  • No conscription No navy
  • No Anschluss
27
Q

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Saint Germain?

A
  • Loss of czecho- led to their economy collapsing 1921
  • Italians felt not given enough land
  • New states formed out of the Austro-Hungarian Empire clashed
  • Eastern Europe now loads of small states
28
Q

What were the terms of the Treaty of Neuilly?

A
  • Lost land to Yugoslavia, Greece and Romania
  • Gained land from Turkey
  • £100 million reparations
  • 20, 000 in army
  • No conscription no airforce 4 battleships
29
Q

What were the impact of the Treaty of Neuilly?

A
  • Humiliated by army limiations
  • Lost valuable land
30
Q

What were the terms of the Treaty of Trianon?

A
  • Lost land to Romania, czecho-, Yugo- and Austria
  • Reparations never fixed, economy collapsed
  • 30,000 in army No conscription Three patrol boats
31
Q

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Trianon?

A
  • Humilation of limited army
  • Lost valuable land
31
Q

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Trianon?

A
  • Humilation of limited army
  • Lost valuable land
32
Q

What were the terms of the Treaty of Sevres?

A
  • Lost most land in Europe, Ottoman Empire split up
  • 50,000 in army
  • No conscription 3 patrol boats
  • Allies allowed to keep troops in Turkey
  • Had to share Dardanelles and Bosphorus Straits, connected to Black Sea
33
Q

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Sevres?

A

People overthrew govt in anger
New pres threatened to fight the Allies so there was a new treaty

(proved the allies weren’t all that)

34
Q

What were the terms of the Treaty of Lausanne?

A
  • Regained control of Bosphorus Straits and Dardanelles
  • Got to decide army size
  • Reparations cancelled
  • Allied troops withdrawn
35
Q

What were the impacts of the Treaty of Lausanne?

A
  • suggested first treaty was unfair

-Treaties unenforcable

  • Proved to Hitler + Mussolini that they could break international law ez
36
Q

What were the aims of the LON?

A
  • Stop war breaking out
  • Encourage disarmament
  • Improve working conditions
  • Tackle deadly diseases
37
Q

LON strengths

A

History (AQA) (3 decks)

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