conflict and tension Flashcards
Aims of LON
- disarmament
- improvement of living and working conditions
- stop slavery
- improve world health
- enforce TOV
- make sure war doesn’t break out
Woodrow Wilson’s view on TOV (America)
his idea, loved it, making new alliances and improve trade, However America hated it and wanted to become independent. It was part of his 14 points
Lloyd george (uk)
didn’t mind it, wanted it at a smaller scale, only to band together at war, liked the idea of trading more, growing the empire
Clemenceau (France)
He hated it, wanted a league to solely protect France, scared of Germany and wanted more protection.
When was the LON founded
10th of January 1920, met 5 days later
Who had the most control in the LON
Members on the council
- France
- UK
- Italy
- Japan
- ( Germany, and the soviet union later )
Aaland islands
1920 - Finland, Sweden,
Both laid claims to an island
went to Finland, but no military kept on the island
FAIR
Vilna
1920 - Poland, lithuania
polish troops stormed Vilna (capital city )
Poland was allowed to stay there
UNFAIR
Upper Silesia
1921 - Poland ,Germany
both countries wanted upper Silesia
Germany gain 2/3 of the poorer parts
Poland gained 1/3 of the richer parts
FAIR
Corfu
1923 - Italy, Greece
An italian was killed on Greek territory, so they bombed Greece, and Greece fought back
Greece was deemed guilty and was forced to pay reparations, and Italy abused power and made them apologise
UNFAIR
Stray dog
1925 - Bulgaria, greece
a greek chased his dog into bulgarian territory, and was shot, so greece bombed Bulgaria nd bulgaria fought back.
Greece had to pay reparations
UNFAIR
Abyssinian LON fail
Italy invaded Abyssinia in 1936, for empirical, mood boosting and revenge reasons.
France and britain signed a Hoare-Laval pact to give italy the best parts of Abyssinia.
The LON was undermined, and the public found out, and credibility was lost
Hitlers beliefs
M - make Germany great again
A - anschluss (reuniting Germany and Austria)
R - rearm Germany
V - destroy TOV
E - end communism
L - lebensraum (living space)
Kellogg - briand pact
65 nations (including Germany) agree not to go to war
TOV territorial consequences
- 13% land loss
- all colonies were shared with the allies
- saar coalfields were given to france (loss of income)
TOV Militarian consequences
- army reduced to 100,000 men
- no airforce, or submarines
- 6 battleships
- no occupation of the rhineland
TOV reparations and guilt
had to pay £6.6 billion pounds to the big three for reparations
must accept blame for WW1 due to article 231
Repercussions of going against the LON
- moral condemnation
- economic sanctions = trading with that country would stop , wouldn’t work as USA could fill the gap.
- discussion and appeasement
- NO ARMY TO FIGHT
Manchurian crisis
a region which China owned, but then the Japanese created an explosion at the railway claimed that the chinese had attacked them and declared war and took over Manchuria. The Lon sent over a man which made an inquiry and wrote a report called the Lytton report,a d declared Japan was in the wrong. However the Japan ignored this and then left the LON.
Reasons why LON was bound to fail
- no army or sanctions
- depression = dictators
- loss of trust in government
- Undermining of the League from Britain and France
- USA didn’t join
- votes had to be unanimous
Locarno treaty
Between france and germany and reinforced borders
success’s of the LON
- created the World Health organisation
- built the foundations to a way of stopping conflict
- educated people all over about typhus
- Helped Austria and Hungary post war to make sure they didn’t collapse
- abolished slavery in sierra leone
- 77 countries set a minimum wage
nazi-soviet pact
a pact signed in 1939 August, between ussr and Germany, ussr was worried about Germanys rise.
Allowed for the invasion of Poland.
