Conflict and tension Flashcards
Aims of the big three for germany
Britain- wanted to ruin germanys navy,didn’t want to be too harsh, wanted to be hero to britain
France- Wanted to cripple germany, wanted massive payments for dammage, ruin germanys army
America- Wanted to be fair, made LON, germany should take blame
TOV
Guilt, germany had to take blame
Land, loose empire and shrank
Army, 100,00 volenters and 6 boat
Money, $6600 mil in repirations
Allies reactions to TOV
UK-” we’ll have to fight another war in 25 years and three times the cost” but was held here in Britain, but people thought it could be harsher
Usa-crushed that policies have been ignored. USA people thought it was too harsh.
France-the people out racing for elect Germany, get away with things
German reactions to TOV
it was called dictate which meant they had no choice.
The stab in the back idea started the politicians and betrayed the German army.
The most outer part of the treaty was article 231 as it damaged the national pride.
They also felt open to attack with such a reduced military, it would be impossible to recover economically with such a high reparation.
they were humiliated the loss of land
Other treaties after WW1
Treaty of Saint Germain, Austria, 10th of September 1919, lost land banned from uniting with Germany. Have to pay reparations
Treaty of Trianon, Hungary, fourth of June 1920 took long to make new country, small army
Treaty of Sevres 19 August 1920/treaty of lausanne, turkey, July 1923, lost land to start with, but then renegotiated with new government showed countries for treated differently
Successes in LON
1921aland islands dispute between Finland and Sweden was successfully solved and the league‘s decision was accepted 
Faliures of LON
1920, Vilna the league told Poland to move the army, but Poland refused
1923 Corfu, Italy, invaded Corfu after the death of an Italian general league, told them to leave Corfu, but Italy refused and didn’t pay compensation
1925, Bulgaria Greece now invaded Bulgaria, but couldn’t ignore the league like Italy. Could they showed how powerless the league was against bigger nations
What was LON
A group of countries that would work together and solve problems like a world parliament. It was founded in 42 members which rose to 58 by 1934.
LON aims
The leagues aims were to stop war from breaking out again, to encourage disarmament to improve working conditions and to tackle deadly diseases
Ways LON delt with issues
getting countries to talk together through problems
Moral condemnation, a really strong telling off
Economic sanctions
Treatys that didnt involve LON
Washington arms conference 1921 countries discuss giving up weapons but didn’t go through the league
Rapallo treaty in 1922, Germany and Russia, Germany would give Russia money in land that used to belong to them and would cooperate together
Locarno treaties, 1925, Germany and France, Germany took full blame and accepted the borders from the treaty of Versailles
Kellogg, Briand pact, 1928, Germany and France and 65 other countries wouldn’t use water settle disputes
The great depression
The stock market crashed in America and countries across the world suffered. There was mass unemployment and 6 million people became unemployed in Germany alone the world crashed into major economic struggle as America, traded and loaned many countries money
The manchurian crisis
on the 18th of September 1931 there was an explosion on the south Manchurian railway which is controlled by the Japanese army, the army claim that the trainer been attacked by Chinese soldiers. The Japanese army uses events as an excuse to invade Manchuria. The people of Japan were delighted and celebrated. This is a victory.
Abyssinian crisis
The conflict between Italy and Ethiopia/Abyssinia Italy invaded Abyssinia who tried to resist, but were eventually defeated due to the unfairness of Italy, as they use chemical bombs and machine guns
Why were the league not harsh on mussolini, italys leader?
The league didn’t want to make an enemy out of Mussolini as he was a very strong and powerful individual input in charge of a very strong and powerful nation. The crisis showed that if a country was violent enough, they’ll be no consequences from the league
Why did the league fail?
The league had no army of its own
The leagues structures was complex
Membership America refused to join another powerful countries such as Germany and the USSR weren’t allowed to join
The great depression this meant that countries were even less likely to commit their military to the league nations because they’re enconomies were so damaged
alpha countries knew that the leagues only tall was too small condemnation, a good telling off they could easily rebel and get away with what they wanted
The league was worried about keeping Mussolini and as an ally during the Abyssinian crisis, which are selfish as they only care about their own countries and only wanted to use Russia to defeat/quiten Germany
Who was hitler?
Became chancellor of Germany, January 19 33
Hitlers aims
promise to get rid of treaty of Versailles
Rearm, Germany
lebensruam conquer living space for Germans
Destroy communism
Anschluss joining Austria and Germany together
Volkdeutsche unite all German-speaking people
How did hitler break TOV
1923 Hitler left a conference on disarmament
1934 Dolphus affair, German leader get shot
1935 Saar plebiscite people in the Sara voted 90% rejoin with Germany. Hitler showed off his weapons in a rearmament rally
June 1935, the Anglo naval agreement, Britain and Germany, deciding how big the Germans navy could be in comparison to Britain’s Navy
The rhineland
in German troops, go into the Rhineland attempt to remilitarise it as if they get caught be severe sanctions. However, they are greeted with flowers. Enjoy in the league does nothing
Hitlers alliances
1936 Rome, Berlin, axis It was an alliance between Italy and Germany.
1936 Spain
