Configuring IPv6

Question 1

Dual-stack routing

Answer 1

• Dual-stack IPv4 and IPv6
  
  • Run both at the same time
  • Interfaces will be assigned multiple address types
• IPv4
  
  • Configured with IPv4 addresses
  • Maintains an IPv4 routing table
  • Uses IPv4 dynamic routing protocols
• IPv6
  
  • Configured with IPv6 addresses
  • Maintains a separate IPv6 routing table
  • Uses IPv6 dynamic routing protocols

Question 2

Tunneling IPv6

Answer 2

• 6 to4 addressing
  
  • Send IPv6 over an existing IPv4 network
  • Creates an IPv6 based on the IPv4 address
  • Requires relay routers -
    
    • IP protocol 41 - a transition technology
  • No support for NAT
• 4in6
  
  • Tunnel IPv4 traffic on an IPv6 network

Question 3

Teredo/Miredo

Answer 3

• Tunnel IPv6 through NATed IPv4
  
  • End-to-end IPv6 through an IPv4 network
  • No special IPv6 router needed
  • Temporary use
  • We’ll have IPv6 native networks soon (?)

• Miredo - Open-source Teredo for Linux,

• BSD Unix, and Mac OS X
  
  • Full functionality

Question 4

NDP (Neighbor Discovery Protocol)

Answer 4

• No broadcasts!
  
  • Operates using multicast over ICMPv6
• Neighbor MAC Discovery
  
  • Replaces the IPv4 ARP

• SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration)
• Automatically configure an IP address without a
DHCP server

• DAD (Duplicate Address Detection)
  
  • No duplicate IPs!

• Discover routers
• Router Solicitation (RS) and Router Advertisement
(RA)

Question 5

Finding Router

Answer 5

• ICMPv6 adds the Neighbor Discovery Protocol
  
  • Routers also send unsolicited RA messages
  • From the multicast destination of ff02::1

• Transfers IPv6 address information, prefix value,
and prefix length, etc.
• Sent as a multicast

• Neighbor Advertisement (NA)

Question 6

Howdy Neighbor

Answer 6

• There’s no ARP in IPv6
  
  • So how do you find out the MAC address of a device?
• Neighbor Solicitation (NS)
  
  • Sent as a multicast

• Neighbor Advertisement (NA)