Configure and Troubleshooting Networks Flashcards
Give all NIC properties.
The computer’s network adapter connects to a network appliance
Card settings should be configured to match the network
Give all Wired Network Cards
The Ethernet adapter and switch must have the same media type:
Signaling speed
Half/full duplex
Most will auto-negotiate; can be configured
Most settings can be left at default
Give all the properties of QoS
A network protocol that prioritizes some types of traffic.
Can help ensure real-time applications such as VoIP or video conferences have priority.
QoS is usually configured on managed switches.
May need to enable the QoS protocol on the adapter.
What are all the points of Onboard Network Cards
Most computers have a built-in Gigabit Ethernet adapter.
Uses RJ-45 port/twisted-pair cabling.
Check system setup if issues or to disable if installing a plug-in card.
What are all the points of Wireless Network Cards
Set up 802.11 standards supported by the access point
The card should support any standard available
Configure Roaming Aggressiveness to adjust for weak signals
Transmit Power is usually set to the highest level by default
What is Wake on LAN
Start computer remotely
A network card is active, and on standby
“Magic packet” starts the boot
How do you setup Wake on LAN
To set up WoL:
1 Enable WoL in system setup
2 Enable WoL on the adapter
3 Configure a network to send magic packets
Give all Network Connections in Windows 7 and 8
Configure network card with client software and protocol
Use Network and Sharing Center
Access adapter properties
Wired/wireless adapter names vary
Change properties or view status
Configure client, protocol, service
Default bindings include Microsoft clients, IPv4 and IPv6, and link-layer discovery
To join WLAN, select network from the list in the notification area
Can connect automatically
Can configure manually if the network not broadcasting
What is Network Connection in Windows 10
Settings: Network & Internet
Use to access Network and Sharing Center and Network Connections applets
Give all points of IP Adress Configuration
Configure wired and wireless through connection’s Properties
Default is dynamic IP
Can configure a static IP address manually
Select “Obtain an IP address automatically” for DHCP/APIPA
Can set up alternate configuration if desired
Give all the points of Other Network Connections
SOHO router is typical; usually combines several functions
Other connection options include dial-up
Analog modem connects to ISP
Use Set Up a Connection or Network to configure
WAN cellular connects to a cell provider’s network
Can be USB or internal
Install vendor software, and plug-in adapter, and use software to view and configure
VPN tunnels privately through a network
Windows supports several types; can configure in Network Connections
Click the network status icon to access
Give all the properties of SOHO Networks
Business network; may use the centralized server as well as clients.
Often uses a single Internet device for connectivity.
Maybe a home/residential network as well.
Give a full description of Common SOHO Network Hardware
DSL or cable modem installed on customer premises.
Bundles several device types: modem, router, switch, and access point.
On DSL, the RJ-11 port connects to the phone jack; the voice/data splitter is usually part of the modern socket.
On DSL, the RJ-11 port connects to the phone jack.
Voice/data splitter is usually part of a modern socket.
Give a description of a SOHO Network Configuration
Connect the device to the SOHO appliance to configure.
Access management interface through the browser.
Change the default password!
Follow the wizard interface to configure Internet access.
View line status and system log in the management console.
Helpful for troubleshooting.
Give all the points of the wireless setting
Configure wireless settings; most hosts connect wirelessly.
Maybe part of setup wizard; can use management software directly.
What settings can you adjust in wireless settings
Adjust settings as appropriate:
Frequency band (2.4 GHz or 5 GHz)
SSID (the name for WAN)
Security and encryption
Password (pre-shared key)
802.11 mode
Channel/channel width
Give a description of DHCP and IP Address Configuration
We May need to adjust DHCP server settings
Enabled by default
If you disable it, IP addresses must be assigned manually
Easy for an attacker to determine the scope
What are all the points of WPS
Simplifies secure access point setup.
AP and all adapters must be WPS-capable.
Pushbutton on device typically causes device and AP to associate automatically over WPA2.
Generates random SSID and passphrase.
Give all the points of Access Point Placement
Correct antenna and access point placement helps ensure a robust network.
AP placement may be constrained by the provider’s cabling location.
Can use extenders.
A site survey can help identify dead zones.
What is the channel selection
In the US, the 2.4 GHz band is subdivided into 11 channels at 5 MHz intervals.
Best to allow 25 MHz spacing for channels in active use.
No more than 3 nearby APs can have non-overlapping channels.
Newer APs detect the least-congested channel at boot; may need to adjust.
Use a spectrum analyzer to find the least busy channels.
Give all the points of radio power levels
Can turn down AP power to prevent war driving.
Need to ensure enough coverage for legitimate users.
It May be exposed to an “evil twin” attack if a rogue AP is detected first.
Increasing power may also cause signal bouncing.
The client must match AP.
Best to allow auto-negotiation.
What are Wi-Fi security protocols
Wi-Fi requires careful security configuration
Media “unguided;” RF scanner can intercept signals
Encryption is crucial
Cipher scrambles message; key decodes the message
Keep key secure
The description of a WEP
Legacy encryption system based on the RC4 cipher
64-bit or 128-bit key
The flaw in the key production method; easy for an attacker to generate key
Deprecated and should not be used
The description of WPA/WPA2
Based on RC4
Adds TKIP to fix the security problem
WPA2 developed to meet 802.11i security standards
Use WPA2 whenever possible
If not supported by devices, use WPA
Give the description of a wifi authentication personal
Based on a pre-shared key generated from a passphrase.
Cannot completely secure distribution of key; on home, the network may not be secure passphrase; all users share key (no accounting); hard to change the key.
Simple setup.
The only choice for WEP; can use WPA/WPA2 on SOHO networks or workgroups.
Give the description of a wifi authentication Enterprise
Enterprise mode authentication in WPA/WPA2.
Authentication passed to the RADIUS server.
Suitable for server-/domain-based networks.
Give the description of the SOHO Security Issue: SSID
Simple name to identify the WAN
Change default SSID
Do not use personal information
Disable SSID broadcast
Enable encryption
Give the description of the SOHO Security Issue: Physical Security
Restrict physical access to enterprise routers and switches
An attacker with physical access could reset to defaults, gain access
Give the description of the SOHO Security Issue: Updating Firmware
Keep Internet appliance firmware and driver up to date
Make sure power stays on during the update process
Give the description of the SOHO Security Issue: Static IP Addresses
Static IP assignments will not deter a determined attack
Router/modem must have static IP to function as DHCP server/default gateway
Definition of Quality of Service
Quality of Service (QoS): Using a network protocol to prioritize types of traffic