confidence intervals Flashcards
what do confidence intervals define
a plausible range of values for the population parameter
what is needed to estimate confidence intervals
confidence level and a measure of sampling variability (SE/bootstrap SE)
how are confidence intervals interpreted
across repeated sample, x% confidence intervals would be expected to contain the true population parameter
what are we confident in?
that our upper and lower intervals will contain the true mean of the population
most common confidence intervals
68%
95%
99.7%
68% confidence intervals
fall within 1 standard deviaiton of the mean
95% confidence intervals
falls within 1.96 standard deviation of the mean
99.7% confidence intervals
falls within 3 standard deviation of the mean
how to calculate the bounds of a 95% confidence interval
lower bound = mean - 1.96 * standard error
upper bound = mean + 1.96 * standard error